The Question is from neet-botany cell-cycle-and-cell-division , and it was created by the author B VENKAT

Question

Anaphase promoting complex (APC) is a protein degradation machinery necessary for proper mitosis of animal cells. If APC is defective in a human cell, which of the following is expected to occur?

B VENKAT · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Function of the Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) in mitosis.
	**Related Topics**: Cell Cycle, Mitosis stages, Protein degradation, Chromosome dynamics.
	**Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of mitosis and the role of APC in cell division.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	* APC is a protein degradation machinery.
	* APC is necessary for proper mitosis.
	* The question asks what happens when APC is defective.
**Method & Steps**:
	1.  Understand the function of APC: The Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) is a ubiquitin ligase that targets specific proteins for degradation. This degradation is essential for the transition from metaphase to anaphase in mitosis.
		Reasoning: APC activation leads to the degradation of proteins holding sister chromatids together, allowing them to separate.
		Formula/Rule: N/A
	2.  Identify the consequence of APC defect: If APC is defective, it will be unable to degrade the proteins that hold sister chromatids together.  This means the sister chromatids will not separate.
		Working: Defective APC -> No degradation of cohesion proteins -> Sister chromatids remain attached.
		Key Point: Chromosome segregation is dependent on the proper function of APC.
	3.  Relate to answer choices: Chromosomes not segregating corresponds to option D.
		Result: Option D is the correct answer.
		Verification: Other options are not directly linked to the primary function of APC.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] :x: Recombination occurs during meiosis, not mitosis.  APC is not involved in recombination.
[B] :x: Chromosome condensation occurs earlier in mitosis. APC is not directly involved in condensation.
[C] :x: Chromosome fragmentation is not a direct consequence of APC defects.  Defective APC causes segregation issues.
[D] ✓: If APC is defective, the sister chromatids will not separate properly and therefore chromosomes will not segregate.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing APC function with other mitotic processes: APC is specifically involved in sister chromatid separation, not other events like condensation or recombination.
		2. Not understanding the direct link between APC and chromatid separation: Remember that APC activation leads to the degradation of proteins holding sister chromatids together.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Think of APC as the 'switch' that allows the transition from metaphase to anaphase.
		2. Memorize that APC is a ubiquitin ligase and its function is related to protein degradation.

B VENKAT · Answer

Recombination of chromosome arms will occur

B VENKAT · Answer

Chromosomes will not condense

B VENKAT · Answer

Chromosomes will be fragmented

B VENKAT · Answer

The correct Option is "Chromosomes will not segregate"

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