The Question is from neet-botany anatomy-of-flowering-plants , and it was created by the author K SURESH KUMAR

Question

Arrange the following plants in ascending order based on the number of xylem strands in their roots.
I. Trapa        II. Pisum      III. Castanea        IV. Nicotiana

K SURESH KUMAR · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Number of xylem strands in roots of different plant groups.
	**Related Topics**: Stele structure, vascular tissue, root development, dicotyledons, monocotyledons
	**Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of plant anatomy, particularly root structure and xylem function.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	List of four plants: Trapa, Pisum, Castanea, and Nicotiana
	Task: Arrange them based on increasing number of xylem strands in their roots
**Method & Steps**:
	1.	Recall typical root xylem arrangement:
		Reasoning: Dicot roots typically have 2-5 xylem strands arranged in a radial pattern, while monocot roots have numerous (6+) xylem strands.
		Formula/Rule: General rule for dicot vs. monocot root xylem numbers.
	2.	Identify the plant types:
		Working: Trapa (Water Chestnut) - Dicot, Pisum (Pea) - Dicot, Castanea (Chestnut) - Dicot, Nicotiana (Tobacco) - Dicot. However, some dicots like *Trapa* have fewer xylem strands and *Nicotiana* tends to have slightly more than other typical dicots. 
		Key Point: While all are dicots, the number of xylem strands can vary.
	3.	Arrange based on typical xylem number:
		Result:  *Trapa* has 2-3 xylem strands, *Nicotiana* has 3-4, *Pisum* has 4-5 and *Castanea* has 4-5, but may have more. Therefore, ascending order would be *Trapa*, *Nicotiana*, *Pisum*, *Castanea*. 
		Verification: The correct answer matches the identified order.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] :x: Incorrect. Pisum does not have the fewest xylem strands.
[B] :x: Incorrect. Castanea does not have the fewest xylem strands.
[C] :x: Incorrect. Nicotiana does not have the fewest xylem strands.
[D] ✓: Correct. Trapa has the fewest, followed by Nicotiana, Pisum and then Castanea which generally has the most of the four in the list.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1.[Error 1]: Confusing dicot and monocot root xylem arrangements. [How to avoid]: Memorize the general rule: dicots have fewer xylem strands (2-5) than monocots (6+).
		2.[Error 2]: Assuming all dicots have the exact same number of xylem strands. [How to avoid]: Understand that there can be slight variations within dicots.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1.[Helpful shortcut]: If you remember that monocots have many xylem strands, eliminate options with monocots before dicots.
		2.[Memory aid]: Think of 'dicot' as 'di' (two) and thus fewer strands compared to a monocot.

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

II, IV, III, and I

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

III, IV, II, and I

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

IV, III, I, and II

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

The correct Option is "I, IV, II and III"

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