The Question is from neet-botany anatomy-of-flowering-plants , and it was created by the author Mr. NARESH KUMAR K

Question

A scientist is studying a newly discovered plant species. Microscopic analysis of the stem reveals living cells with unevenly thickened cell walls, primarily composed of pectin and hemicellulose, providing flexible support.  These cells lack lignin and are found in patches beneath the epidermis.  Which tissue type is being observed?

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Plant tissue types
 **Related Topics**: Plant anatomy, cell wall composition, plant support tissues
 **Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of plant cell structure and function.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  Living cells with unevenly thickened cell walls.
  Cell walls primarily composed of pectin and hemicellulose.
  Provides flexible support.
  Lacks lignin.
  Found in patches beneath the epidermis.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Identify the key characteristics of the observed cells.
  Reasoning: The description points to cells that provide flexible support, a characteristic not associated with cells providing rigid support. The presence of pectin and hemicellulose and the absence of lignin are crucial details.
  Formula/Rule: None directly applicable, this is a descriptive identification problem.
 2. Compare the characteristics to the properties of different plant tissue types.
  Working:  Let's examine the options:
            * **Collenchyma:**  Known for its living cells with unevenly thickened cell walls, primarily made of pectin and hemicellulose. It provides flexible support to young stems and leaves. This matches the description perfectly.
            * **Sclerenchyma:** Composed of cells with thick, lignified secondary walls. They provide rigid support and are usually dead at maturity. This doesn't match the description of living cells lacking lignin.
            * **Parenchyma:**  Thin-walled, living cells with diverse functions, including storage and photosynthesis. They don't provide significant structural support.
            * **Xylem:** Primarily involved in water transport and composed of dead cells with lignified walls. This doesn't match the description.
 3. Determine the tissue type based on the comparison.
  Result: Collenchyma
  Verification: All the given characteristics align perfectly with the defining features of collenchyma tissue.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A ✓: Collenchyma is the correct answer because it accurately reflects the described characteristics of the observed cells.
B :x: Sclerenchyma cells are characterized by thick, lignified cell walls, which are absent in the described cells.
C :x: Parenchyma cells lack the structural support capabilities described.
D :x: Xylem cells are primarily involved in water transport and are typically dead at maturity, unlike the living cells observed.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing collenchyma and sclerenchyma: Remember that collenchyma provides flexible support with pectin and hemicellulose, while sclerenchyma provides rigid support with lignin.
  2.Overlooking the significance of lignin absence: The absence of lignin is a crucial clue that eliminates sclerenchyma and xylem.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Focus on the key words: “unevenly thickened cell walls”, “pectin and hemicellulose”, “flexible support”, “lacks lignin”.
  2.Create a table comparing the characteristics of different plant tissues to aid in identification.

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

The correct Option is "Collenchyma"

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Sclerenchyma

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Parenchyma

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Xylem

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