The Question is from neet-botany anatomy-of-flowering-plants , and it was created by the author Mr. NARESH KUMAR K

Question

In any dicot root having secondary growth, the cork is the

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Plant Anatomy and Secondary Growth in Dicot Roots
	**Related Topics**: Periderm, Vascular Cambium, Bark, Phellogen, Phellem, Phelloderm
	**Prerequisites**: Understanding of primary and secondary growth in plants, tissue types in plants.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	Dicot root with secondary growth.
**Method & Steps**:
	1. **Secondary Growth**: Secondary growth in dicot roots leads to the formation of the periderm, which replaces the epidermis.
		Reasoning: The epidermis is ruptured due to the expansion caused by secondary growth.
	2. **Periderm Formation**: The periderm consists of the phellogen (cork cambium), phellem (cork), and phelloderm (secondary cortex).
		Working: The phellogen divides to produce phellem towards the outside and phelloderm towards the inside.
		Key Point: The cork (phellem) is the outermost layer of the periderm.
	3. **Cork Function**: Cork cells are dead at maturity, suberized, and tightly packed, providing protection against water loss, pathogens, and mechanical injury.
		Result:  Cork acts as the outermost protective layer.
		Verification: This aligns with the function of cork in woody plants.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] ✓:  The cork is the outermost layer of the periderm, which replaces the epidermis during secondary growth. It provides protection to the underlying tissues.
[B] :x: The innermost vascular layer is formed by the vascular cambium and consists of secondary xylem and phloem.  The cork is external to this layer.
[C] :x: While some parenchyma cells in the cortex may store food, the primary function of cork is protection, not storage.
[D] :x:  Lenticels, which are small pores in the cork, facilitate gaseous exchange.  The cork itself is primarily a protective layer, not specifically designed for gaseous exchange.
## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing cork with cortex: The cortex is a primary tissue, while cork is part of the secondary protective layer (periderm).
			How to avoid: Remember that the periderm (including cork) replaces the epidermis during secondary growth.
		2. Confusing cork cambium with vascular cambium: Cork cambium produces cork, while vascular cambium produces secondary xylem and phloem.
			How to avoid: Remember the distinct functions and locations of these two cambia.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Think of 'cork' as the 'bark' on a tree trunk, which protects the inner tissues.
		2. Remember 'phellem' (cork) is part of the 'periderm' (protective layer).

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

The correct Option is "Outermost protective layer."

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Innermost vascular layer.

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Storage tissue.

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Region for gaseous exchange.

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