The Question is from neet-botany anatomy-of-flowering-plants , and it was created by the author K SURESH KUMAR

Question

Which combination of meristems is responsible for producing secondary vascular tissues?

K SURESH KUMAR · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Plant growth and development, specifically secondary growth.
 **Related Topics**: Meristematic tissues, vascular tissues (xylem and phloem), cambium, cork cambium.
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of plant anatomy, primary and secondary growth, types of meristems.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The question asks about the meristems responsible for secondary vascular tissue production.
  Secondary vascular tissues refer to the xylem and phloem produced after the primary growth stage.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Identify the meristems involved in secondary growth.
  Reasoning: Secondary growth is characterized by an increase in girth or diameter of the plant stem or root. This is primarily due to the activity of lateral meristems.
  Formula/Rule: None directly applicable.
 2. Determine which lateral meristems contribute to secondary vascular tissue formation.
  Working:  The vascular cambium produces secondary xylem (inwards) and secondary phloem (outwards). The cork cambium (phellogen) produces the periderm, which replaces the epidermis in secondary growth.  Apical meristems are responsible for primary growth (lengthening of roots and shoots), and intercalary meristems contribute to growth at the base of internodes in some plants. These are not directly involved in secondary vascular tissue production.
  Key Point:  Lateral meristems are responsible for increasing the girth of the plant, while apical meristems are responsible for increasing the length.
 3. Select the option that correctly identifies the meristems responsible for secondary vascular tissue.
  Result: Vascular cambium and cork cambium are the correct combination.
  Verification: The vascular cambium is directly responsible for secondary xylem and phloem production.  The cork cambium contributes to the protective outer layer, allowing for continued secondary growth.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Apical and intercalary meristems are responsible for primary growth, not secondary vascular tissue production.
B :x: While the vascular cambium is responsible, the apical meristem is not directly involved in secondary vascular tissue formation.
C ✓: Vascular cambium and cork cambium are both involved in secondary growth.  The vascular cambium produces secondary xylem and phloem; the cork cambium produces the periderm.
D :x: Intercalary meristems are involved in primary growth, not secondary vascular tissue production.  Cork cambium is involved in secondary growth, but not the vascular tissues themselves.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing primary and secondary growth: Remember that apical and intercalary meristems are involved in primary growth (length), while lateral meristems (vascular and cork cambium) are involved in secondary growth (width).
  2.Overlooking the role of cork cambium:  While the vascular cambium is the primary focus, the cork cambium is essential for the overall secondary growth process and the protection of the plant.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember that secondary growth involves increase in girth. This is directly related to the activity of lateral meristems.
  2.Associate vascular cambium with secondary vascular tissue and cork cambium with the protective outer layer during secondary growth.

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Apical meristem and intercalary meristem

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Lateral meristem and apical meristem

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

The correct Option is "Vascular cambium and cork cambium"

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Intercalary meristem and cork cambium

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