The Question is from neet-botany biological-classification plantae-and-animalea, and it was created by the author Mr. NARESH KUMAR K

Question

Which unique characteristic differentiates the phloem sieve tubes of angiosperms from those of gymnosperms?

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Plant anatomy and physiology, specifically phloem structure and function in angiosperms and gymnosperms.
 **Related Topics**:  Vascular tissue, translocation of sugars, cell types in plants.
 **Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of plant structure and the role of phloem in sugar transport.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The question asks for the unique characteristic differentiating phloem sieve tubes in angiosperms and gymnosperms.
  Options include the presence of companion cells, sieve plates, sugar transport, and bidirectional translocation.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Analyze each option to determine its presence in angiosperm and gymnosperm phloem.
  Reasoning:  We need to identify a feature that is exclusive to angiosperm phloem sieve tubes.
  Formula/Rule: N/A
 2. Compare the characteristics of sieve tubes in both plant groups.
  Working:  Angiosperm phloem sieve tubes have companion cells, whereas gymnosperm sieve tubes lack them.  Both angiosperms and gymnosperms have sieve plates and transport sugars bidirectionally. 
  Key Point: Companion cells are specialized parenchyma cells closely associated with sieve tube elements in angiosperms. They provide metabolic support to the sieve tube elements.
 3. Identify the unique characteristic.
  Result: The presence of companion cells is the unique characteristic that differentiates angiosperm phloem sieve tubes from those of gymnosperms.
  Verification:  Reviewing the characteristics of phloem in both angiosperms and gymnosperms confirms that companion cells are only present in angiosperms. 
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A ✓: Presence of companion cells: This is correct. Angiosperms possess companion cells associated with their sieve tubes, which are absent in gymnosperms.
B :x: Presence of sieve plates: Both angiosperms and gymnosperms have sieve plates in their phloem.
C :x: Transport of sugars: Both angiosperms and gymnosperms use their phloem to transport sugars.
D :x: Bidirectional translocation: Both angiosperms and gymnosperms exhibit bidirectional translocation in their phloem.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing the characteristics of xylem and phloem:  Remember that xylem transports water and minerals, while phloem transports sugars.
  2.Overlooking the subtle differences between angiosperm and gymnosperm phloem: Pay attention to the details of cell types and structures.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember the key role of companion cells in angiosperms: they provide metabolic support to the sieve tube elements.
  2.Use mnemonics or diagrams to remember the structural differences between angiosperm and gymnosperm phloem.

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

The correct Option is "Presence of companion cells"

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Presence of sieve plates

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Transport of sugars

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Bidirectional translocation

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