The Question is from neet-botany cell-biology , and it was created by the author K SURESH KUMAR

Question

The presence of hopanoids in some prokaryotic plasma membranes primarily contributes to:

K SURESH KUMAR · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Prokaryotic cell membrane structure and function
 **Related Topics**: Lipids in biological membranes, membrane fluidity, prokaryotic cell biology
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of cell membrane structure, lipid bilayers, and the role of membrane components in maintaining membrane integrity.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The presence of hopanoids in some prokaryotic plasma membranes.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Identify the function of hopanoids.
  Reasoning: Hopanoids are five-ring hydrocarbon molecules that are structurally similar to sterols (like cholesterol in eukaryotes).  Sterols in eukaryotic membranes are known to maintain membrane stability and fluidity.
  Formula/Rule:  None directly applicable, this is based on biological knowledge.
 2. Consider the role of membrane stability in prokaryotic cells.
  Working:  Prokaryotic cells lack sterols, but some have hopanoids.  The structural similarity suggests a similar functional role.
  Key Point:  Maintaining membrane stability is crucial for cell survival and function.  It prevents leakage and ensures proper function of membrane proteins.
 3. Determine the primary contribution of hopanoids.
  Result: Hopanoids primarily contribute to membrane stability in prokaryotic cells.
  Verification: This aligns with the established understanding of hopanoid function in prokaryotic membranes.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Protein synthesis: Hopanoids are not directly involved in protein synthesis. Ribosomes and other cellular machinery are responsible for protein synthesis.
B :x: Nutrient transport: While membrane stability indirectly affects nutrient transport, hopanoids' primary role is not directly nutrient transport. Membrane proteins are more directly involved.
C ✓: Membrane stability: Hopanoids contribute significantly to the structural integrity and stability of the prokaryotic plasma membrane, similar to the role of sterols in eukaryotes.
D :x: Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis occurs in specialized organelles (chloroplasts) in eukaryotic cells and in specialized membrane systems in prokaryotes. Hopanoids are not directly involved in the photosynthetic process.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing hopanoids with other membrane components: Students might incorrectly associate hopanoids with functions of other membrane components.
   How to avoid: Focus on the structural similarity to sterols and their overall effect on membrane properties.
  2.Overlooking the broader context: Students may only focus on prokaryotic cells and ignore the parallels with eukaryotic sterols.
   How to avoid: Relate the function of hopanoids to the similar function of sterols in eukaryotes.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember the structural similarity between hopanoids and sterols.
  2.Think about the importance of membrane stability for cell survival.

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Protein synthesis

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Nutrient transport

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

The correct Option is "Membrane stability"

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

Photosynthesis

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