Prepare for NEET Biology Mineral Nutrition with MCQs & PYQs on NEET.GUIDE. Enjoy free practice, previous year questions, and expert solutions to understand nutrient uptake and deficiency.
A researcher is studying ion uptake in plant roots using radioactive tracers. They observe that metabolic inhibitors significantly reduce the uptake of potassium ions, but not the uptake of chloride ions. What can be inferred about the uptake mechanisms of these two ions?
Potassium uptake is primarily active, while chloride uptake may be passive or facilitated.
Both potassium and chloride uptake are primarily active processes.
Both potassium and chloride uptake are primarily passive processes.
Chloride uptake is primarily active, while potassium uptake may be passive or facilitated.
Iron deficiency in plants often leads to interveinal chlorosis. Considering the role of iron in electron transport and chlorophyll synthesis, which statement BEST explains this observation?
Iron is a key component of the electron transport chain, and its deficiency disrupts energy production needed for chlorophyll synthesis in the interveinal areas.
Iron is essential for chlorophyll synthesis, and its deficiency leads to reduced chlorophyll production, primarily in the interveinal areas.
Iron deficiency primarily affects the vascular tissue of the leaves, leading to reduced chlorophyll transport to the interveinal areas.
Iron deficiency enhances chlorophyll degradation in the interveinal areas, leading to chlorosis.
A plant exposed to high levels of aluminum in the soil exhibits stunted root growth. Which of the following mechanisms is the MOST likely cause of this effect?
Aluminum directly inhibits photosynthesis, reducing energy available for root growth.
Aluminum competes with potassium for uptake, leading to potassium deficiency in roots.
Aluminum interferes with the function of calcium channels and disrupts cell wall formation.
Aluminum stimulates excessive ethylene production, inhibiting root elongation.
A child displays stunted growth, impaired wound healing, and skin lesions. Biochemical analysis reveals decreased collagen synthesis. Which pair of nutrient deficiencies is MOST likely responsible for these symptoms?
Iron and Vitamin A
Zinc and Vitamin C
Copper and Vitamin D
Magnesium and Vitamin K
A deficiency in which vitamin can exacerbate the neurological symptoms observed in pernicious anemia, a condition primarily caused by Vitamin deficiency?
Vitamin C
Vitamin
Vitamin
Vitamin E
A researcher observes that a particular legume mutant forms nodules, but these nodules fail to fix nitrogen. Which of the following gene mutations is MOST likely responsible?
Mutation in nod genes
Mutation in genes encoding flavonoid biosynthesis
Mutation in nif genes
Mutation in genes encoding leghemoglobin
Which of the following is NOT a direct consequence of Nod factor signaling in the host plant during root nodule formation?
Root hair curling
Formation of infection threads
Cortical cell division leading to nodule primordia formation
Expression of nif genes in bacteroids
Certain mutant legumes exhibit excessive root hair curling in the presence of rhizobia, but infection threads fail to penetrate the cortex. This phenotype is MOST likely due to a defect in:
Flavonoid production by the root
Rhizobial nod gene expression
Nod factor receptor function
Signaling pathway downstream of Nod factor perception, affecting infection thread growth
Which intermediate in nitrogen assimilation is directly responsible for the toxic effects of ammonia accumulation in plants?
Ammonia
Glutamine
Glutamate
Carbamoyl phosphate
Which of these is NOT a characteristic feature of the root nodules formed during legume-rhizobia symbiosis?
Presence of chloroplasts in bacteroids
Presence of leghemoglobin
Differentiated bacteroids
Reduced oxygen concentration
