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    3.

    A plant is exposed to green light only. Which of the following is the most likely outcome regarding photosynthesis?

    A

    The rate of photosynthesis will be significantly reduced.

    B

    The rate of photosynthesis will be enhanced.

    C

    The rate of photosynthesis will proceed at a normal rate.

    D

    The plant will switch to utilizing green light efficiently.

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    6.

    A mutation affects a plant's ability to synthesize carotenoids. Which of the following would be the MOST LIKELY consequence for photosynthesis under high light intensity?

    A

    Enhanced light absorption and increased photosynthetic rate.

    B

    Increased damage to chlorophyll and photosystems due to excessive light energy.

    C

    No significant change in photosynthetic rate or chlorophyll integrity.

    D

    Shift in the absorption spectrum towards longer wavelengths.

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    7.

    How does the availability of magnesium ions (Mg2+) directly influence the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

    A

    Mg2+ acts as a cofactor for Rubisco, facilitating CO2 fixation.

    B

    Mg2+ is a component of the electron transport chain, mediating electron flow.

    C

    Mg2+ is essential for chlorophyll structure and function, influencing light absorption and energy transfer.

    D

    Mg2+ regulates stomatal opening and closing, controlling CO2 uptake.

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    8.

    Under conditions of high temperature and drought stress, a plant closes its stomata to conserve water. Which of the following is the MOST DIRECT consequence on the Calvin cycle?

    A

    Increased photorespiration due to oxygen accumulation.

    B

    Enhanced ATP synthesis due to increased proton gradient.

    C

    Reduced availability of CO2 limits carboxylation, leading to a decrease in RuBP regeneration.

    D

    Increased activity of Rubisco due to higher substrate concentration.

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    10.

    A C4 plant and a CAM plant are grown under identical environmental conditions. Which statement BEST describes their relative water use efficiency (WUE) and photosynthetic rates under prolonged high light intensity and high temperature?

    A

    The C4 plant will have both higher WUE and a higher photosynthetic rate than the CAM plant.

    B

    The CAM plant will have higher WUE than the C4 plant, but the C4 plant will have a higher photosynthetic rate.

    C

    The C4 plant will have higher WUE than the CAM plant, but the CAM plant will have a higher photosynthetic rate.

    D

    The CAM plant will have both higher WUE and a higher photosynthetic rate than the C4 plant.

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