Explain the role of the annulus in fern sporangia, contrasting its function with the role of elaters in liverworts.
Both annulus and elaters aid in nutrient absorption.
The annulus protects the developing spores, while elaters facilitate fertilization.
The annulus aids in spore dispersal in ferns by a spring-like mechanism, while elaters in liverworts are hygroscopic and facilitate spore dispersal by changing shape with humidity.
Both annulus and elaters are involved in anchoring the plant to the substrate.
Related Questions
The development of the sporophyte without fertilization from the gametophytic tissue in some pteridophytes like Dryopteris is known as:
Apospory
Parthenogenesis
Apomixis
Apogamy
The dominant photosynthetic phase in the life cycle of a Pteridophyte is the:
Gametophyte
Sporophyte
Prothallus
Sporophyll
Explain the role of the annulus in fern sporangia, contrasting its function with the role of elaters in liverworts.
Both annulus and elaters aid in nutrient absorption.
The annulus protects the developing spores, while elaters facilitate fertilization.
The annulus aids in spore dispersal in ferns by a spring-like mechanism, while elaters in liverworts are hygroscopic and facilitate spore dispersal by changing shape with humidity.
Both annulus and elaters are involved in anchoring the plant to the substrate.
In pteridophytes spore germinate to give rise to
Thalloid gametophytes called prothallus
Thalloid sporophytes called prothallus
Thalloid sporocarp
Thalloid, photosynthesis sporophyte
In heterosporous pteridophytes, the development of the male gametophyte predominantly occurs:
Within the megaspore wall
Outside the spore wall
Partially inside and outside the spore wall
Within the microspore wall
Which of these pteridophytes is commonly known as 'Horsetail'?
Selaginella
Equisetum
Pteris
Dryopteris
Which structure represents the first stage of the gametophyte generation in the moss life cycle, developing directly from a germinated spore?
Protonema
Capsule
Sporophyte
Gametophore
The development of the zygote into a young embryo within the female gametophyte is a characteristic of:
Seed plants
Seedless vascular plants
Bryophytes
Green algae
Identify the heterosporous pteridophytes from the following options.
Salvinia and Selaginella
Dryopteris and Pteris
Psilotum and Tmesipteris
Lycopodium and Equisetum
Read the following statements and choose the option which is true for them
a) Dryopteris is horsetail b) Selaginella is heterosporous
c) Salvinia is aquatic plant
a and b only
b and c only
a and c only
a, b and c
