The Question is from neet-botany sexual-reproduction-in-flowering-plants pre-fertilization-structure-and-events, and it was created by the author Mr. NARESH KUMAR K

Question

In a particular angiosperm species, the synergids exhibit a unique filiform apparatus oriented away from the micropyle.  What would be the MOST likely consequence of this unusual arrangement?

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Angiosperm Reproduction, Pollen Tube Guidance
	**Related Topics**: Double Fertilization, Synergids, Filiform Apparatus, Micropyle
	**Prerequisites**: Plant reproductive structures, role of synergids in fertilization.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	The filiform apparatus, normally oriented towards the micropyle, is oriented away from it in this species.
**Method & Steps**:
	1. **Normal Function**: The filiform apparatus, located in the synergids, plays a crucial role in attracting and guiding the pollen tube towards the micropyle for successful fertilization.
		Reasoning: The filiform apparatus secretes chemical attractants that guide the pollen tube.
	2. **Impact of Altered Orientation**:  With the filiform apparatus facing away from the micropyle, the chemical signals that attract the pollen tube will be directed away from the entry point into the ovule.
		Working: The pollen tube will likely be misdirected.
		Key Point: The pollen tube needs to enter through the micropyle to reach the egg cell and central cell.
	3. **Consequence**: The pollen tube will have difficulty locating the micropyle, leading to reduced chances of fertilization.
		Result: Reduced fertilization success.
		Verification:  Misdirection of the pollen tube due to reversed orientation of the filiform apparatus directly hinders fertilization.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] :x: Enhanced pollen tube attraction: The reversed orientation would likely repel or misdirect the pollen tube, not enhance attraction.
[B] :x: Faster pollen tube growth: The orientation of the filiform apparatus does not directly influence the speed of pollen tube growth. Growth rate is influenced by other factors.
[C] ✓: Reduced fertilization success: The misdirection of the pollen tube makes fertilization less likely.
[D] :x: Increased seed production: Reduced fertilization directly results in fewer successful ovule developments, thus reducing, not increasing, seed production.
## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing the role of the filiform apparatus with other structures involved in reproduction: Ensure you understand the specific function of the filiform apparatus in guiding the pollen tube.
		2. Assuming that pollen tube growth is always directed towards the ovule regardless of signals: The pollen tube relies on chemical cues for guidance.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Remember that the filiform apparatus acts as a 'beacon' for the pollen tube, guiding it to the micropyle.
		2. Visualize the reversed orientation and its impact on the direction of the chemical signals released by the filiform apparatus.

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Enhanced pollen tube attraction

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Faster pollen tube growth

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

The correct Option is "Reduced fertilization success"

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Increased seed production

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