The Question is from neet-botany sexual-reproduction-in-flowering-plants , and it was created by the author B VENKAT

Question

Which of the following statements BEST explains why double fertilization is advantageous for angiosperms?

B VENKAT · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Double fertilization in angiosperms
 **Related Topics**: Angiosperm reproduction, endosperm development, embryo development, resource allocation
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of the process of double fertilization in flowering plants.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The question asks for the BEST explanation of the advantage of double fertilization in angiosperms.
  Options A, B, C, and D provide different potential advantages.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Analyze each option to determine its validity as an explanation for the advantage of double fertilization.
  Reasoning: Double fertilization involves one sperm fertilizing the egg to form a diploid zygote (embryo) and another sperm fertilizing two polar nuclei to form a triploid endosperm.  The endosperm provides nourishment for the developing embryo.
 2. Evaluate the options in light of the function of the endosperm.
  Working: Option A mentions pathogen resistance, which is not the primary advantage. Option B is true but not the primary advantage. Option C correctly points out that the simultaneous development of the endosperm and embryo is resource-efficient. Option D is incorrect as separate male and female gametophytes are still required.
 3. Select the option that best explains the primary advantage of double fertilization.
  Result: Option C is the best explanation because it highlights the key advantage:  the efficient use of resources by only developing the endosperm if fertilization has occurred successfully.  Wasting resources on endosperm development when fertilization fails would be detrimental.
  Verification: The other options are either partially true but not the main benefit or completely false.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x:  While a triploid endosperm might offer some pathogen resistance, this is not the primary evolutionary advantage of double fertilization.
B :x:  Double fertilization leads to seed and fruit production, but this is a consequence, not the primary advantage.
C ✓: This option correctly identifies the primary advantage: synchronized endosperm development with embryo development, avoiding wasted resources if fertilization is unsuccessful. 
D :x: Double fertilization doesn't eliminate the need for separate male and female gametophytes; it's a mechanism within the context of their existence. 
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**: 
  1.Confusing the consequences of double fertilization (seed and fruit production) with its primary advantage.
  2.Overemphasizing less significant aspects of double fertilization (pathogen resistance).
 **Quick Tips**: 
  1.Focus on the resource allocation aspect of double fertilization.
  2.Remember that the primary advantage is linked to the endosperm's role in nourishing the embryo.

B VENKAT · Answer

It ensures the formation of a triploid endosperm, which is more resistant to pathogens.

B VENKAT · Answer

It allows for the production of both seeds and fruits, enhancing dispersal.

B VENKAT · Answer

The correct Option is "It synchronizes endosperm development with embryo development, preventing wasted resources if fertilization fails."

B VENKAT · Answer

It eliminates the need for separate male and female gametophytes.

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