The Question is from neet-chemistry coordination-compounds , and it was created by the author A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO

Question

In which of the following pairs both the complex show optical isomerism?

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Optical isomerism in coordination complexes
	**Related Topics**: Chirality, cis-trans isomerism, coordination number, ligands, chelate effect
	**Prerequisites**: Understanding of coordination complex structure, definition of optical isomerism, and how to identify chiral centers in coordination complexes.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	Pairs of coordination complexes are given, and we need to determine which pair both exhibit optical isomerism.
**Method & Steps**:
	1. Analyze each complex in each pair to determine if it exhibits optical isomerism.
		Reasoning: Optical isomers are non-superimposable mirror images (enantiomers). A complex will be optically active if it lacks a plane of symmetry. Cis and trans isomers can be optically active. Complexes with chelating ligands (like en) are more likely to exhibit optical isomerism.
	2. Evaluate option A:
		Working:
			$Cis - {\left[ {{m{Cr}}{{\left( {{{m{C}}_2}{{m{O}}_4}} ight)}_2}{m{C}}{{m{l}}_2}} ight]^{3 - }}$: This complex is chiral and shows optical isomerism. 
			$cis - \left[ {{m{Co}}{{\left( {{m{N}}{{m{H}}_3}} ight)}_4}{m{C}}{{m{l}}_2}} ight]$: This complex has a plane of symmetry and is not chiral.
		Key Point: One complex does show optical isomerism but the other doesn't.
	3. Evaluate option B:
		Working:
			$\left[ {{m{PtCl}}\left( {{m{dien}}} ight)} ight]{m{Cl}}$: This complex is square planar and does not exhibit optical isomerism. 
			${\left[ {{m{NiC}}{{m{l}}_2}{m{B}}{{m{r}}_2}} ight]^{2 - }}$: This is a square planar complex and does not show optical isomerism.
		Key Point: Neither complex shows optical isomerism.
	4. Evaluate option C:
		Working:
			$\left[ {{m{Co}}{{\left( {{m{N}}{{m{O}}_3}} ight)}_3}{{\left( {{m{N}}{{m{H}}_3}} ight)}_3}} ight]$: This complex can exhibit facial (fac) and meridional (mer) isomers, but neither are chiral.
			$cis - \left[ {{m{Pt}}{{\left( {{m{en}}} ight)}_2}{m{C}}{{m{l}}_2}} ight]$: This complex is square planar and does not exhibit optical isomerism.
		Key Point: Neither complex shows optical isomerism.
	5. Evaluate option D:
		Working:
			$\left[ {{m{Co}}{{\left( {{m{en}}} ight)}_3}} ight]{m{C}}{{m{l}}_3}$: This complex is chiral and shows optical isomerism.
			$cis - \left[ {{m{Co}}{{\left( {{m{en}}} ight)}_2}{m{C}}{{m{l}}_2}} ight]{m{Cl}}$: This complex is chiral and shows optical isomerism.
		Key Point: Both complexes show optical isomerism
	6. Final step:
		Result: Only option D has both complexes exhibiting optical isomerism.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] :x: The second complex does not show optical isomerism.
[B] :x: Neither complex shows optical isomerism.
[C] :x: Neither complex shows optical isomerism.
[D] ✓: Both complexes exhibit optical isomerism.
## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing cis/trans isomerism with optical isomerism: Cis/trans isomers are geometric isomers and do not necessarily imply optical activity. Optical activity requires a chiral center (no plane of symmetry).
		2. Assuming all complexes with chelating ligands are optically active: While chelating ligands increase the likelihood of optical activity, the overall structure must still lack a plane of symmetry.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Look for complexes with chelating ligands (like en) as they are more likely to be chiral.
		2. Draw the structures and check for any plane of symmetry to determine if the complex is chiral.

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

$Cis - {\left[ {{\rm{Cr}}{{\left( {{{\rm{C}}_2}{{\rm{O}}_4}} \right)}_2}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_2}} \right]^{3 - }};\,\,cis - \left[ {{\rm{Co}}{{\left( {{\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_3}} \right)}_4}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_2}} \right]$

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

$\left[ {{\rm{PtCl}}\left( {{\rm{dien}}} \right)} \right]{\rm{Cl}},{\rm{\;}}{\left[ {{\rm{NiC}}{{\rm{l}}_2}{\rm{B}}{{\rm{r}}_2}} \right]^{2 - }}$

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

$\left[ {{\rm{Co}}{{\left( {{\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_3}} \right)}_3}{{\left( {{\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_3}} \right)}_3}} \right],\,\,cis - \left[ {{\rm{Pt}}{{\left( {{\rm{en}}} \right)}_2}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_2}} \right]$

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

The correct Option is "$\left[ {{\rm{Co}}{{\left( {{\rm{en}}} \right)}_3}} \right]{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_3},\,\,cis - \left[ {{\rm{Co}}{{\left( {{\rm{en}}} \right)}_2}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_2}} \right]{\rm{Cl}}$"

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