Lowering the temperature

Mixing with alcohol

Mixing with acetic acid

Making an amalgam

Good conductors of heat and electricity

High melting points

Low oxidation potentials

High ionisation potentials

${\rm{Li}}$

${\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}^ + }$

${\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}^{2 + }}$

${\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}^ - }$

Soap

Synthetic petrol

Paper

Synthetic fibre

${\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}_2}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_3}{\rm{.}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}$

${\rm{NaOH}}$

${\rm{NaHC}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$

${\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}_2}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$ (anhydrous)

only a base

only an acid

a base and an acid

neither a base nor an acid

O₂

NaNO₂

N₂

Na₂O

$K{O_2} > Rb{O_2} > CS{O_2}$

$K{O_2} > CS{O_2} > Rb{O_2}$

$Rb{O_2} > CS{O_2} > K{O_2}$

$CS{O_2} > Rb{O_2} > K{O_2}$

$N{a_2}C{O_3}$

$N{a_2}C{O_3}.{H_2}O$

$N{a_2}C{O_3}.7{H_2}O$

$N{a_2}C{O_3}.10{H_2}O$

${\rm{LiN}}{{\rm{O}}_2} + {{\rm{O}}_2}$

${\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}_2}{\rm{O}} + {\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_2} + {{\rm{O}}_2}$

${\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}_3}{\rm{N}} + {{\rm{O}}_2}$

${\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}_2}{\rm{O}} + {\rm{OH}} + {{\rm{O}}_2}$

Potassium ($\rm{K}^+$)

Calcium ($\rm{Ca}^{2+}$)

Magnesium ($\rm{Mg}^{2+}$)

Iron ($\rm{Fe}^{2+/3+}$)