The Question is from neet-chemistry the-s-block-elements , and it was created by the author A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO

Question

The structure of beryllium chloride in the solid state is:

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: Option A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**:  Structure of beryllium chloride in the solid state.
 **Related Topics**:  Covalent bonding, polymeric structures, electronegativity.
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of covalent bonding, Lewis structures, and the concept of polymeric structures.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The question asks about the structure of beryllium chloride ($BeCl_2$) in the solid state.
  [Important conditions]: We need to consider the properties of beryllium and chlorine to determine the most likely structure.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Consider the electronic configuration of beryllium and chlorine.
  Reasoning: Beryllium has two valence electrons, while chlorine has seven. Beryllium tends to form two covalent bonds, while chlorine tends to form one.
  Formula/Rule: None explicitly needed, but understanding of valence electrons is crucial.
 2. Analyze the electronegativity difference between beryllium and chlorine.
  Working: Chlorine is significantly more electronegative than beryllium. This means the electrons in the Be-Cl bonds are pulled more towards the chlorine atoms.
  Key Point:  The significant electronegativity difference does not lead to ionic bonding in this case because Be is small and has a high charge density, leading to polarization of the electron cloud.
 3. Determine the most stable structure considering the valence electrons and electronegativity.
  Result: Beryllium chloride forms a polymeric chain structure in the solid state. Each beryllium atom is bonded to two chlorine atoms, and each chlorine atom is bonded to two beryllium atoms. This structure allows each atom to satisfy its valence requirements.
  Verification: The polymeric chain structure is consistent with experimental observations and theoretical calculations.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] ✓: Polymeric chain structure: This is the correct structure. The polymeric nature arises from the bridging chlorine atoms.
[B] :x: Dimeric structure: While $BeCl_2$ can form dimers in the gaseous phase, it exists as a polymeric chain in the solid state.
[C] :x: Monomeric structure: A monomeric structure would leave beryllium with an incomplete octet, making it unstable.
[D] :x: Chain structure with coordinate bonds from Be to Cl: While it's a chain structure, the bonds are primarily covalent, not coordinate bonds (dative covalent bonds) in the primary structure. Coordinate bonds might play a minor role in specific interactions within the solid.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1. Assuming a simple linear or dimeric structure due to the simple formula:  The solid-state structure is different from the gas-phase structure.
  How to avoid: Consider the solid-state interactions and the need for each atom to achieve a stable electronic configuration.
  2. Misinterpreting the electronegativity difference:  While significant, it doesn't lead to fully ionic bonding in this case.
  How to avoid:  Consider the size and charge density of the beryllium ion.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1. Remember that beryllium's small size and high charge density favor covalent bonding even with electronegative elements like chlorine.
  2. The solid-state structure is often different from the gaseous state structure.  Always specify the state when discussing molecular structures.

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

The correct Option is "Polymeric chain structure"

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

Dimeric structure

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

Monomeric structure

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

Chain structure with coordinate bonds from Be to Cl

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