Prepare for NEET Biology Genetic Evolution (A Brief Account Of Evolution) with MCQs & PYQs on NEET.GUIDE. Access free practice, previous year questions, and expert solutions to summarize key evolutionary milestones and patterns.
NEET Questions / Zoology / Genetic Evolution / A Brief Account Of Evolution
The evolutionary history of a species can be elucidated through phylogenetic analysis. Which of the following statements regarding phylogenetic relationships is INCORRECT?
Shared derived characteristics can be used to define clades.
Organisms that appear more similar are always more closely related.
Phylogenetic trees represent hypotheses about evolutionary relationships.
Branch points on a phylogenetic tree represent the divergence of two or more lineages from a common ancestor.
Genetic drift, a significant force in evolution, exerts varying effects depending on population size. Which of the following accurately describes the impact of genetic drift on small populations?
It has minimal impact as allele frequencies remain relatively stable.
It increases genetic diversity by introducing new alleles through random mutations.
It leads to a significant decrease in genetic diversity and can fix alleles, even deleterious ones.
It promotes adaptive evolution by selectively favoring beneficial alleles.
The Hardy-Weinberg principle describes the conditions under which allele and genotype frequencies in a population remain constant. Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
No mutations occur.
No gene flow occurs between populations.
Natural selection does not act on the population.
Non-random mating, such as assortative mating, occurs.
Adaptive radiation is a process of rapid diversification from an ancestral species. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of adaptive radiation?
Common ancestry of the diversified species
Phenotype-environment correlation
Trait utility
Slow and gradual diversification over time
The evolution of the eye is a complex process that has occurred independently in different lineages. Which of the following statements regarding eye evolution is most accurate?
All eyes share a single, common evolutionary origin.
The vertebrate eye and the cephalopod eye are homologous structures.
The eye evolved only once and then diversified through simple modifications.
The eye exhibits a range of complexity across different taxa, reflecting different stages of evolutionary development.
Which of the following is the LEAST likely explanation for the relatively rapid diversification of mammals following the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event?
Release from competition with dinosaurs
Release from predation by dinosaurs and other large reptiles
Adaptive radiation into newly available ecological niches
Increased mutation rates in mammals
Which of the following is NOT a key factor driving evolution?
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Mutations
Static environmental conditions
Which process leads to the formation of new species?
Adaptation
Mutation
Speciation
Variation
A change in the genetic makeup of a population over time is called:
Mutation
Adaptation
Evolution
Natural selection
