1.

    Which of the following is NOT a key idea of Darwin's theory of evolution?

    A

    Organisms can change their traits during their lifetime and pass these changes to their offspring.

    B

    Natural selection favors individuals with advantageous traits.

    C

    There is variation among individuals within a population.

    D

    More offspring are produced than can survive.

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    1.

    Evolutionary biology is

    A

    The study of history of life forms on earth

    B

    Study of pedigrees of life forms on earth

    C

    Equivalent to demography

    D

    Equivalent to anthropology

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    4.

    The concept of punctuated equilibrium challenges the traditional view of evolution by suggesting:

    A

    Evolution proceeds at a constant, gradual rate.

    B

    Long periods of stasis punctuated by rapid bursts of evolutionary change.

    C

    Evolutionary changes occur only in small, isolated populations.

    D

    Acquired characteristics are inherited and drive evolutionary change.

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    5.

    Which observation MOST directly challenges the idea of a universally applicable โ€œmolecular clockโ€ for dating evolutionary divergence?

    A

    Fossil evidence sometimes contradicts molecular clock estimates.

    B

    Mutation rates can be influenced by environmental factors.

    C

    Different genes evolve at different rates, even within the same lineage.

    D

    Horizontal gene transfer can introduce new genes into a lineage.

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    7.

    Why were the earliest organisms on Earth most likely anaerobic?

    A

    Lack of free oxygen in the early atmosphere

    B

    Abundance of free oxygen in the early atmosphere

    C

    High temperatures in the early atmosphere

    D

    Low availability of organic molecules

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    8.

    Prodigality of reproduction in Darwinism refers to

    A

    Every organism produces numerous offspring

    B

    Successful organism produce numerous offsprings

    C

    Only a few individuals are able to reproduce

    D

    Only a few individuals are able to survive

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