The Question is from neet-zoology locomotion-and-movement disorders-of-muscular-and-skeltal-system, and it was created by the author Mr. BALACHANDRA.N

Question

A child presents with recurring fractures after minimal trauma, blue sclera, and hearing loss.  Biochemical analysis reveals abnormal collagen structure. Which type of collagen is MOST likely affected in this condition?

Mr. BALACHANDRA.N · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)
 **Related Topics**: Collagen types, connective tissue disorders, bone fragility,  clinical manifestations of genetic diseases
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of collagen structure and function, different types of collagen and their locations in the body.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  Recurring fractures (after minimal trauma), blue sclera, hearing loss, abnormal collagen structure.
  These are classic symptoms of a connective tissue disorder affecting bone.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Identify the condition:
  Reasoning: The combination of symptoms (fractures, blue sclera, hearing loss) strongly suggests osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a group of genetic disorders affecting collagen synthesis.
  Formula/Rule:  None directly applicable; this is a clinical diagnosis based on presentation.
 2. Determine the affected collagen type:
  Working: OI is primarily caused by defects in type I collagen, the most abundant collagen in bone. Type I collagen is crucial for bone strength and integrity.  Defects lead to weak bones prone to fracture.
  Key Point: While other collagen types contribute to connective tissue structure, Type I collagen's prevalence in bone makes it the most likely culprit in this presentation.
 3. Confirm the diagnosis:
  Result: Type I collagen is the most likely collagen type affected in this condition.
  Verification: The symptoms align perfectly with the known clinical manifestations of OI, which is linked to Type I collagen defects.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Type II collagen is the primary collagen in cartilage. While cartilage problems can indirectly affect bone, it's not the primary cause of the presented symptoms.
B :x: Type III collagen is found in various tissues, but its role in bone is less significant than Type I collagen.
B :x: Type IV collagen is a major component of basement membranes, not directly related to the bone fragility seen in this case.
C ✓: Type I collagen is the major collagen in bone, and its deficiency directly leads to the observed fragility and symptoms.
D :x: Type IV collagen is a major component of basement membranes, not directly related to the bone fragility seen in this case.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing collagen types and their primary locations:  Knowing where each type of collagen is predominantly found is crucial for correct diagnosis.
  2.Overlooking the clinical significance of the blue sclera: This is a hallmark sign of OI, strongly pointing towards Type I collagen.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember the classic triad of OI:  fractures, blue sclera, and hearing loss.
  2.Type I collagen is the most abundant collagen in bone.

Mr. BALACHANDRA.N · Answer

Type II collagen

Mr. BALACHANDRA.N · Answer

Type III collagen

Mr. BALACHANDRA.N · Answer

The correct Option is "Type I collagen"

Mr. BALACHANDRA.N · Answer

Type IV collagen

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