The Question is from neet-zoology strategies-for-enhancement-in-food-production , and it was created by the author K SUNKANNA

Question

A breeder is trying to develop a new variety of wheat resistant to a specific fungal pathogen. They have identified a wild relative of wheat that exhibits resistance but has poor yield. Which breeding strategy is MOST likely to introduce the resistance gene into the high-yielding cultivated variety while minimizing the transfer of undesirable traits from the wild relative?

K SUNKANNA · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Plant breeding strategies
 **Related Topics**:  Genetic engineering, quantitative genetics, hybridization
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of basic genetics (genes, alleles, inheritance), plant breeding techniques
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
A breeder wants to introduce disease resistance from a wild relative into a high-yielding cultivated wheat variety. The wild relative has poor yield.
**Method & Steps**:
1. **Identify the breeding strategy:** We need a method that selectively incorporates the desired trait (disease resistance) while minimizing the introduction of undesirable traits (poor yield) from the wild relative.
  Reasoning:  Different breeding methods have varying degrees of control over the transfer of genes.
2. **Analyze the options:**
  a) Mass selection: This is a less precise method, relying on selecting the best-performing individuals from a population. It's unlikely to efficiently isolate the resistance gene while maintaining high yield.
  b) Pedigree analysis: This method tracks the inheritance of traits across generations but doesn't specifically target the transfer of a single gene while minimizing others.
  c) Backcross breeding: This involves repeatedly crossing the hybrid offspring (wild relative x cultivated variety) with the cultivated parent.  This progressively increases the proportion of the cultivated parent's genome, thereby minimizing the transfer of undesirable traits while retaining the desired resistance gene.
  d) Mutation breeding: This involves inducing mutations to create new varieties, but it's a less targeted approach and doesn't guarantee the introduction of the specific resistance gene.
3. **Select the best strategy:** Backcross breeding is the most appropriate method because it allows for the targeted introduction of the resistance gene while minimizing the inheritance of the undesirable traits from the wild relative.
  Result: Backcross breeding (Option C)
  Verification: Backcrossing is a standard technique in plant breeding for precisely this purpose.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Mass selection is too broad and less precise for this scenario.
B :x: Pedigree analysis tracks traits but doesn't specifically control gene transfer.
C ✓: Backcross breeding is the most suitable method for selectively introducing the desired gene while minimizing the transfer of undesirable genes.
D :x: Mutation breeding is random and less targeted than backcross breeding.
## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing backcrossing with other breeding strategies: Understanding the specific mechanisms of each breeding method is crucial.
  2.Overlooking the importance of minimizing the transfer of undesirable traits: The question emphasizes this aspect; the chosen strategy needs to address this specifically.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember the goal: Introduce a specific beneficial trait while minimizing the introduction of undesirable traits.
  2.Backcrossing is a powerful tool for introgressing genes from wild relatives into cultivated varieties.

K SUNKANNA · Answer

Mass selection

K SUNKANNA · Answer

Pedigree analysis

K SUNKANNA · Answer

The correct Option is "Backcross breeding"

K SUNKANNA · Answer

Mutation breeding

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