1.

    Which statement correctly explains the relationship between taxonomic categories and phylogenetic classification?

    A

    Taxonomic categories are arbitrary and have no relationship to phylogeny.

    B

    Taxonomic categories always perfectly match the branching patterns of phylogenetic trees.

    C

    Taxonomic categories ideally reflect evolutionary relationships revealed through phylogenetic analysis.

    D

    Phylogenetic analysis is used to create taxonomic categories, but they don't necessarily reflect evolutionary relationships.

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    10.

    Which of the following is not a valid reason why the morphological species concept can be problematic?

    A

    It can be difficult to distinguish between intraspecific variation and interspecific differences.

    B

    Cryptic species may be morphologically identical but reproductively isolated.

    C

    It requires detailed genetic analysis.

    D

    Morphological traits can be influenced by environmental factors leading to phenotypic plasticity.

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