The Question is from neet-botany biological-classification , and it was created by the author NISHANTH

Question

The Gram negative bacteria detect and respond to chemicals in their surrounding by

NISHANTH · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Gram-negative bacterial cell structure and function
	**Related Topics**: Bacterial cell walls, Lipopolysaccharide, bacterial chemotaxis
	**Prerequisites**: Basic knowledge of bacterial cell structures, specifically Gram-negative bacteria.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	The question asks how Gram-negative bacteria detect chemicals in their environment.
**Method & Steps**:
	1.	Recall the key components of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall.
		Reasoning: Gram-negative bacteria have an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
		Formula/Rule: None applicable.
	2.	Identify the role of LPS.
		Working: LPS acts as a receptor for external stimuli and is involved in the initial interaction with the environment.
		Key Point: LPS is a unique component of the Gram-negative outer membrane.
	3.	Conclude the answer.
		Result: Lipopolysaccharide is the correct answer.
		Verification: Other options are not the primary sensors.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] ✓: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and plays a crucial role in detecting and responding to chemicals in the environment.
[B] :x: Muramic acid is a component of peptidoglycan, which is present in the cell wall of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but is not the primary sensor in Gram-negative bacteria.
[C] :x: Porins are proteins that form channels in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, allowing the passage of molecules, but are not the primary sensors for chemical detection.
[D] :x: Volutine granules (also known as metachromatic granules) are storage granules for phosphates and are not involved in chemical detection.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1.[Error 1]: Confusing Muramic acid with LPS. [How to avoid]: Remember that Muramic acid is part of peptidoglycan while LPS is part of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
		2.[Error 2]: Thinking porins are the sensors. [How to avoid]: Understand that porins facilitate diffusion through the membrane and are not specifically for detecting chemicals.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1.[Helpful shortcut]: Associate LPS with the outer membrane and its role in signaling.
		2.[Memory aid]: Remember that LPS is unique to Gram-negative bacteria and is a major component of the outer membrane.

NISHANTH · Answer

The correct Option is "Lipopolysaccharide"

NISHANTH · Answer

Muramic acid

NISHANTH · Answer

Porins

NISHANTH · Answer

Volutine granules

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