The Question is from neet-botany biological-classification , and it was created by the author D VINOD

Question

Read the following statements regarding archaebacteria and select the correct option
I. Archaebacteria differs from other bacteria in having different cell wall structure
II. Their cell wall is made up of cellulose and contains high amount of unsaturated fatty acid, which is responsible for their survival in extreme conditions
III. Thermoacidophiles have dual ability to tolerate high temperature as well as high acidity

D VINOD · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: B
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
**Primary Concept**: Characteristics of Archaebacteria
**Related Topics**: Cell wall composition, extremophiles, bacterial classification
**Prerequisites**: Basic knowledge of bacterial cell structure and types of bacteria
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
    - Three statements about archaebacteria.
    - Need to select the correct combination of true statements.
**Method & Steps**:
1. **Analyze Statement I**: Archaebacteria do have a different cell wall structure compared to other bacteria. This is a key characteristic that distinguishes them. 
    Reasoning: Archaebacteria's cell walls lack peptidoglycan, which is found in the cell walls of other bacteria.
    Formula/Rule: N/A
2. **Analyze Statement II**: Archaebacteria's cell walls are NOT made of cellulose. They are composed of various polysaccharides and proteins, and they do not have high amount of unsaturated fatty acids in their cell wall. This statement is incorrect.
    Reasoning: Cellulose is a characteristic feature of plant cell walls, not archaebacteria. The adaptation to extreme conditions is primarily due to their unique cell membrane and protein structures, not unsaturated fatty acids in cell wall.
    Key Point: The cell membrane lipids of some archaebacteria are unique, consisting of branched hydrocarbons linked to glycerol by ether bonds, not ester bonds, as in other bacteria.
3. **Analyze Statement III**: Thermoacidophiles are indeed extremophiles that can tolerate both high temperatures and high acidity. This statement is correct.
    Reasoning: This is a defining characteristic of thermoacidophiles, which are a subgroup of archaebacteria.
Result: Statements I and III are true, while Statement II is false.
Verification: By analyzing each statement against known facts about archaebacteria, we can confirm the correctness of statement I and III, and the incorrectness of statement II.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] :x: Statement II is incorrect.
[B] ✓: Statements I and III are true.
[C] :x: Statement II is incorrect.
[D] :x: Statement II is incorrect.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
**Common Mistakes**:
1. Confusing archaebacteria cell walls with plant cell walls: Archaebacteria do not have cellulose in their cell walls.
2. Misinterpreting the role of unsaturated fatty acids: While unsaturated fatty acids can contribute to membrane fluidity at low temperatures, they aren't the primary factor for archaebacteria's survival in extreme conditions. The unique ether linkages in their membrane lipids are more critical.
**Quick Tips**:
1. Remember: Archaebacteria are distinct from other bacteria due to their unique cell wall and membrane composition.
2. Focus on key characteristics: Pay attention to the specific features that define different groups of organisms.

D VINOD · Answer

I and II are true

D VINOD · Answer

The correct Option is "I and III are true"

D VINOD · Answer

II and III are true

D VINOD · Answer

I, II and III are true

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