The Question is from neet-botany biological-classification , and it was created by the author Mr. NARESH KUMAR K

Question

Consider the following statements and place them into true and false category
I. The fungi constitutes a unique kingdom of heterotrophic organisms
II. The common mushroom and toad stools are fungi
IIII. White spots seen on mustard leaves are due to presence of parasitic fungus
IV. Some unicellular fungi (Ustilago) are used to make bread and beer
V. Puccinia graminis tritici is responsible for yellow rust of wheat
VI. Penicillium yields the antibiotic penicillin
True               False

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Mycology (Study of Fungi)
	**Related Topics**: Plant Pathology, Microbiology, Biotechnology
	**Prerequisites**: Basic biological classification and characteristics of fungi.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	Statements about characteristics and examples of fungi.
**Method & Steps**:
	1. Analyze each statement based on known facts about fungi.
	2. Categorize the statements as true or false.
	3. Match the categorization with the given options.

**Statement Analysis**:
	I. Fungi are indeed a separate kingdom of heterotrophic organisms. (True)
	II. Mushrooms and toadstools are macroscopic fruiting bodies of fungi. (True)
	III. White spots on mustard leaves are often caused by Albugo candida, a parasitic fungus. (True)
	IV. *Ustilago* is a fungus, but it's not used in bread and beer making. Yeast (*Saccharomyces cerevisiae*) is used for this purpose. (False)
	V. *Puccinia graminis tritici* causes black stem rust of wheat, not yellow rust. Yellow rust is caused by *Puccinia striiformis*. (False)
	VI. *Penicillium* is the source of the antibiotic penicillin. (True)
## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] ✓: True: I, II, III, VI 
 False: IV, V (This option correctly categorizes all statements.)
[B] :x: True: I, III, V, VI 
 False: II, IV (Statement II is true, and V is false, making this option incorrect.)
[C] :x: True: II, III, IV, V 
 False: I, VI (Statements I and VI are true, and IV is false, making this option incorrect.)
[D] :x: True: I, II, IV, V 
 False: III, VI (Statements III and VI are true, and IV and V are false, making this option incorrect.)
## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing different fungal diseases and their causative agents.
			*How to avoid*: Carefully study the specific fungi associated with different plant diseases.
		2. Misunderstanding the role of *Ustilago*.
			*How to avoid*: Remember that *Ustilago* causes plant diseases like smut, while yeast is used in fermentation.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Recall common examples of fungi like mushrooms, toadstools, and molds.
		2. Remember the importance of *Penicillium* in antibiotic production.

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

The correct Option is "True: I, II, III, VI
False: IV, V"

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

True: I, III, V, VI
False: II, IV

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

True: II, III, IV, V
False: I, VI

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

True: I, II, IV, V
False: III, VI

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