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    2.

    Which experiment definitively proved that DNA, and not protein, is the genetic material?

    A

    Griffith's experiment with Streptococcus pneumoniae

    B

    Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty's experiment with bacterial transformation

    C

    Hershey-Chase experiment using bacteriophages

    D

    Meselson-Stahl experiment demonstrating semi-conservative replication

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    6.

    Which observation from Griffith's experiment with Streptococcus pneumoniae provided the strongest evidence for the existence of a 'transforming principle'?

    A

    Live non-virulent bacteria did not cause disease in mice.

    B

    Heat-killed virulent bacteria did not cause disease in mice.

    C

    Live virulent bacteria caused disease in mice.

    D

    Heat-killed virulent bacteria, when mixed with live non-virulent bacteria, caused the latter to become virulent.

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    9.

    What was the key observation in the Hershey-Chase experiment that supported DNA as the genetic material?

    A

    Radioactive sulfur (35^{35}S) was found inside the bacterial cells.

    B

    Radioactive phosphorus (32^{32}P) was found inside the bacterial cells.

    C

    Both radioactive sulfur and phosphorus were found inside the bacterial cells.

    D

    Neither radioactive sulfur nor phosphorus were found inside the bacterial cells.

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    10.

    In the Hershey-Chase experiment, what crucial observation confirmed that DNA, and not protein, was the genetic material injected into bacteria by bacteriophages?

    A

    Radioactive sulfur (35S) was found inside the bacterial cells, while radioactive phosphorus (32P) remained outside.

    B

    Both radioactive phosphorus (32P) and sulfur (35S) were found inside the bacterial cells.

    C

    Neither radioactive phosphorus (32P) nor sulfur (35S) were found inside the bacterial cells.

    D

    Radioactive phosphorus (32P) was found inside the bacterial cells, while radioactive sulfur (35S) remained outside.

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