The Question is from neet-botany photosynthesis-in-higher-plants photorespiration-and-c4-cycle, and it was created by the author K SURESH KUMAR

Question

The enzyme that is not found in a ${C_3}$ plant is?

K SURESH KUMAR · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: 2
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Photosynthesis and its different types ($C_3$, $C_4$, CAM)
 **Related Topics**: Plant biochemistry, enzyme functions in photosynthesis
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of the Calvin cycle and the Hatch-Slack pathway.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The question asks which enzyme is absent in $C_3$ plants.
  $C_3$ plants utilize the Calvin cycle for carbon fixation.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Identify the key enzymes involved in $C_3$ and $C_4$ photosynthesis.
  Reasoning:  $C_3$ plants use RuBisCO as the primary carboxylase, while $C_4$ plants use PEP carboxylase as a preliminary step before the Calvin cycle.
  Formula/Rule: No specific formula is needed here. This is based on understanding the metabolic pathways.
 2. Analyze the given options.
  Working: 
            * RUBP Carboxylase (RuBisCO): This enzyme is essential for the Calvin cycle in all plants, including $C_3$ plants.
            * PEP Carboxylases: This enzyme is crucial for the initial carbon fixation step in $C_4$ plants and CAM plants, but not directly involved in the Calvin cycle of $C_3$ plants.
            * NADP reductase:  This enzyme is involved in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, common to both $C_3$ and $C_4$ plants.
            * ATP synthetase: This enzyme is involved in ATP synthesis, a process common to both $C_3$ and $C_4$ plants.
 3. Determine the enzyme absent in $C_3$ plants.
  Result: PEP carboxylase is the enzyme not directly involved in the Calvin cycle of $C_3$ plants.  While it might be present at low levels, its primary role is in $C_4$ photosynthesis.
  Verification:  The core function of PEP carboxylase is to initially fix carbon dioxide in $C_4$ plants, bypassing the limitations of RuBisCO at high temperatures and light intensities.  $C_3$ plants do not need this initial step.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A. ✓: RUBP Carboxylase is present in $C_3$ plants. It's the key enzyme of the Calvin cycle.
B. :x: PEP Carboxylases are predominantly found in $C_4$ and CAM plants.
 C. :x: NADP reductase is present in both $C_3$ and $C_4$ plants (light-dependent reactions).
D. :x: ATP synthetase is present in both $C_3$ and $C_4$ plants (energy production).
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing the roles of RuBisCO and PEP carboxylase: Remember RuBisCO is for the Calvin cycle in all plants, while PEP carboxylase is a preliminary step in $C_4$ and CAM plants.
  2.Overlooking the context of the question: Focus on the specific metabolic pathways of $C_3$ plants.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Memorize the key enzymes of $C_3$ and $C_4$ photosynthesis.
  2.Relate the enzyme functions to the environmental adaptations of the plants (e.g., $C_4$ plants in hot, dry environments).

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

RUBP Carboxylase

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

The correct Option is "PEP Carboxylases"

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

NADP reductase

K SURESH KUMAR · Answer

ATP synthetase

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