The Question is from neet-botany plant-growth-and-development seed-dormancy, and it was created by the author D VINOD

Question

The ratio of ABA to GA in a dormant seed is typically high. Which of the following changes during seed germination is MOST directly responsible for shifting this balance and promoting growth?

D VINOD · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: B
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Plant hormone balance and seed germination
 **Related Topics**: Abscisic acid (ABA), Gibberellic acid (GA), seed dormancy, plant growth regulation
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of plant hormones and their roles in plant development.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The ratio of ABA to GA is high in a dormant seed. Seed germination requires a shift in this balance.
  The options describe different mechanisms that could alter the ABA/GA ratio.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Analyze each option to determine its effect on the ABA/GA ratio.
  Reasoning:  Seed germination requires a decrease in ABA (an inhibitor of germination) and an increase in GA (a promoter of germination). We need to identify the option that most directly achieves this.
  Formula/Rule: No specific formula is needed; this is a conceptual question.
 2. Evaluate the impact of each option on ABA and GA levels.
  Working:
  A. Increased ABA degradation and decreased GA degradation: This would slightly decrease ABA, but also further decrease GA, not shifting the balance effectively toward germination.
  B. Increased GA biosynthesis and decreased ABA biosynthesis: This directly increases GA and decreases ABA, leading to a significant shift in the ratio favoring germination.
  C. Transport of ABA out of the embryo and GA into the embryo: This would alter the ratio, but biosynthesis changes are more directly responsible for the overall balance.
  D. Inactivation of ABA receptors and activation of GA receptors: While important for germination, this is a downstream effect rather than the primary cause of the ABA/GA ratio shift.
 3. Select the option that most directly causes the required shift in the ABA/GA ratio.
  Result: Option B, increased GA biosynthesis and decreased ABA biosynthesis, is the most direct mechanism for shifting the balance and promoting growth.
  Verification: Option B directly addresses the need to lower ABA and raise GA levels, which is essential for germination.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Increased ABA degradation and decreased GA degradation will not effectively shift the balance towards germination as it reduces both hormones.
B ✓: Increased GA biosynthesis and decreased ABA biosynthesis directly promotes the required shift in the ABA/GA ratio, favoring germination.
C :x: Transport of hormones is important, but biosynthesis changes are more fundamental in altering the overall balance.
D :x: Receptor activation/inactivation is a downstream consequence of the ABA/GA ratio change, not the primary cause.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing the roles of ABA and GA: Remember ABA inhibits, while GA promotes germination.
  2.Focusing on secondary effects instead of the primary cause of the ratio shift.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Think about the main functions of ABA and GA in seed germination.
  2.Identify the option that directly affects the production (biosynthesis) of both hormones.

D VINOD · Answer

Increased ABA degradation and decreased GA degradation.

D VINOD · Answer

The correct Option is "Increased GA biosynthesis and decreased ABA biosynthesis."

D VINOD · Answer

Transport of ABA out of the embryo and GA into the embryo.

D VINOD · Answer

Inactivation of ABA receptors and activation of GA receptors.

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