The Question is from neet-botany plant-kingdom pteridophytes, and it was created by the author Mr. NARESH KUMAR K

Question

The development of the sporophyte without fertilization from the gametophytic tissue in some pteridophytes like *Dryopteris* is known as:

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Apomixis in Pteridophytes
 **Related Topics**: Plant reproduction, sporophyte, gametophyte, ferns, asexual reproduction
 **Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of plant life cycles, alternation of generations in plants.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The question describes the development of a sporophyte (diploid, spore-producing generation) directly from gametophytic tissue (haploid, gamete-producing generation) without fertilization in *Dryopteris* (a fern).
  [Important conditions]: This process bypasses the usual sexual reproduction pathway.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Identify the type of asexual reproduction involved.
  Reasoning:  The question describes asexual reproduction because fertilization is absent. We need to determine the specific type of asexual reproduction that occurs from the gametophyte to produce a sporophyte directly.
  Formula/Rule: N/A
 2. Analyze the given options.
  Working: 
   * Apospory: Development of a gametophyte from sporophytic tissue. This is the opposite of what is described in the question.
   * Parthenogenesis: Development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg. This is a type of apomixis, but it doesn't directly address the development of a sporophyte from gametophytic tissue.
   * Apomixis: A form of asexual reproduction in which seeds are produced without fertilization. While this is a broader term encompassing the process, it is not the most specific answer.
   * Apogamy: The development of a sporophyte from gametophytic tissue without fertilization. This precisely matches the description in the question.
  Key Point: Apogamy is a specific type of apomixis that directly describes the given scenario.
 3. Select the correct option.
  Result: Apogamy (option D)
  Verification: The definition of apogamy aligns perfectly with the given description of sporophyte development in *Dryopteris* without fertilization.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Apospory is the reverse process (gametophyte from sporophyte).
B :x: Parthenogenesis involves the development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg, not a sporophyte from gametophytic tissue.
C :x: Apomixis is a broader term and doesn't specifically address the development of a sporophyte from gametophytic tissue.
D ✓: Apogamy precisely describes the development of a sporophyte from gametophytic tissue without fertilization.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing apospory and apogamy: Remember that apospory is the development of a gametophyte from sporophytic tissue, while apogamy is the development of a sporophyte from gametophytic tissue.
  2.Overgeneralizing with apomixis: While apogamy is a type of apomixis, the question specifically asks for the precise term describing the given process.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Memorize the definitions of apospory and apogamy to avoid confusion.
  2.Focus on the starting and ending generations (gametophyte to sporophyte) to quickly identify the correct term.

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Apospory

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Parthenogenesis

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

Apomixis

Mr. NARESH KUMAR K · Answer

The correct Option is "Apogamy"

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