Active transport of water into xylem vessels

Cohesion between water molecules

Adhesion of water molecules to xylem walls

Transpiration pull generated by evaporation from leaves

    Higher

Lower

Slightly higher

Slightly lower

$A o B o C$

$C o B o A$

$A o C o B$

$B o C o A$

    Greater than pure solvent

Less than pure solvent

Equal to pure solvent

Less than or greater than pure solvent

From cell A to cell B

Flow of water does not takes place

In both direction

From cell B to cell A

    Expands until the osmotic pressure reaches that of water

    Becomes less turgid until the osmotic potential reaches that of pure water

    Becomes more turgid until the pressure potential of cell reaches its osmotic potential

    Becomes more turgid until the osmotic potential reaches that of pure water

Transpiration pull

Root pressure

Capillary action

Active transport

    Gravitational water

Soil solution

Pure water

Vacuolar sap

${\psi _w} = {\psi _s} - {\psi _p}$

${\psi _s} = {\psi _w} + {\psi _p}$

${\psi _w} = {\psi _s} + {\psi _p}$

${\psi _p} = {\psi _w} + {\psi _s}$

Root pressure

Capillary action

Transpiration

Active transport by xylem cells

From cell A to cell B

Flow of water does not takes place

In both direction

From cell B to cell A