The Question is from neet-botany respiration-in-plants fermentation, and it was created by the author NISHANTH

Question

In heterolactic fermentation, glucose is converted to a mixture of products. Which of the following combinations is characteristic of heterolactic fermentation?

NISHANTH · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Heterolactic Fermentation
 **Related Topics**: Fermentation pathways, metabolic pathways of microorganisms, carbohydrate metabolism.
 **Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of fermentation processes and the different types of fermentation.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
The question asks about the characteristic products of heterolactic fermentation.
**Method & Steps**:
1. Understand Heterolactic Fermentation:
  Reasoning: Heterolactic fermentation is a type of fermentation where glucose is incompletely oxidized. Unlike homolactic fermentation which produces only lactic acid, heterolactic fermentation produces a mixture of products including lactic acid, ethanol, and carbon dioxide.
  Formula/Rule: The overall reaction for heterolactic fermentation can be represented (though it varies depending on the specific microorganism and conditions):
$C_6H_{12}O_6 ightarrow 2 CH_3CH(OH)COOH + C_2H_5OH + CO_2$
    This shows the production of lactic acid ($CH_3CH(OH)COOH$), ethanol ($C_2H_5OH$), and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$).
2. Analyze the Options:
  Working: Option A is incorrect because it only includes lactic acid. Option B is incorrect because it only includes ethanol and carbon dioxide. Option C includes lactic acid, ethanol, and carbon dioxide, which aligns with the products of heterolactic fermentation. Option D is incorrect because it lists acetic acid, butyric acid, and carbon dioxide, which are products of other fermentation pathways (e.g., butyric acid fermentation).
 3. Select the Correct Option:
  Result: Option C is the correct answer.
  Verification: The products listed in option C match the characteristic products of heterolactic fermentation.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x:  Only lactic acid is produced in homolactic fermentation, not heterolactic.
B :x: Ethanol and carbon dioxide are produced, but lactic acid is a key missing component of heterolactic fermentation.
C ✓:  Lactic acid, ethanol, and carbon dioxide are the characteristic products of heterolactic fermentation.
D :x: Acetic acid and butyric acid are products of different fermentation pathways.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing heterolactic fermentation with homolactic fermentation: Remembering that heterolactic fermentation produces a mixture of products is key to avoiding this mistake.
  2.Misunderstanding the specific products: Carefully reviewing the products of different fermentation types will prevent this error.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1. Remember the key difference between homo and heterolactic fermentation lies in the end products.
  2. Use mnemonics or diagrams to remember the products of different fermentation pathways.

NISHANTH · Answer

Lactic acid only

NISHANTH · Answer

Ethanol and carbon dioxide only

NISHANTH · Answer

The correct Option is "Lactic acid, ethanol, and carbon dioxide"

NISHANTH · Answer

Acetic acid, butyric acid, and carbon dioxide

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