Prepare for NEET with Botany-specific practice questions. Covering all major Botany chapters, this is perfect for your NEET Biology needs.
Which statement correctly describes the relationship between the pit canals and the function of sclerenchyma fibers?
Pit canals allow for limited intercellular communication and nutrient transport, even though the cells are typically dead at maturity.
Pit canals are sites of active lignin synthesis, contributing to the thickening of the secondary cell wall.
Pit canals weaken the cell wall, providing flexibility to the sclerenchyma fibers.
Pit canals store water, allowing sclerenchyma cells to survive in arid conditions.
In a monocot root, the passage cells of the endodermis are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:
Retention of thin walls with minimal suberin deposition
Location opposite to the protoxylem points
Facilitation of water and mineral transport to the xylem
Thickened Casparian strips on all walls
In a dicot stem undergoing secondary growth, the cells of the vascular cambium divide to produce secondary xylem and phloem. If a tangential section is taken through the secondary xylem, what would be the predominant cell type observed in terms of arrangement?
Radially arranged parenchyma cells
Axially elongated tracheary elements
Isometric sclerenchyma cells
Clustered secretory cells
Which of the following characteristics distinguishes the periderm from the epidermis in a woody dicot stem?
Presence of stomata
Single-layered structure
Presence of suberized cells
Origin from the ground meristem
The Kranz anatomy, characteristic of C4 plants, is typically ABSENT in monocot leaves. However, some monocot species exhibit a distinct variation of C4 photosynthesis. Which of the following best describes this variation?
A modified Kranz anatomy with smaller bundle sheath cells
Spatial separation of C4 and C3 cycles within different regions of the mesophyll
Single-cell C4 photosynthesis, where both initial carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle occur within the same mesophyll cell
Utilization of PEP carboxylase exclusively in the bundle sheath cells
Which of the following features is NOT directly associated with the parallel venation pattern observed in monocot leaves?
Uniform distribution of vascular bundles throughout the leaf blade
Structural support provided by interconnected veins
Efficient water transport to all parts of the leaf
Enhanced transport of photosynthates via companion cells
The specialized arrangement of mesophyll cells in a typical monocot leaf contributes significantly to its photosynthetic efficiency. How does this arrangement differ from that of a dicot leaf, and what is its primary advantage?
Monocots have tightly packed palisade mesophyll, maximizing light absorption at the upper surface.
Monocots have spongy mesophyll throughout the leaf, enhancing gas exchange.
Monocots typically lack palisade mesophyll, allowing for more uniform light penetration throughout the leaf.
Monocots have a distinct layer of air spaces below the palisade mesophyll, facilitating CO2 diffusion.
Considering the isobilateral nature of most monocot leaves, how does the distribution of stomata differ from that of a typical dorsiventral dicot leaf?
Stomata are absent in monocot leaves.
Stomata are only present on the upper surface in monocots.
Stomata are relatively evenly distributed on both surfaces in monocots, while they are predominantly on the lower surface in dicots.
Stomata are clustered around the vascular bundles in monocots.
In a dicot leaf exhibiting Kranz anatomy, the mesophyll cells uniquely possess:
Larger chloroplasts with well-developed grana and reduced stroma lamellae.
Smaller chloroplasts with rudimentary grana and abundant stroma lamellae.
Chloroplasts similar in size and structure to bundle sheath chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts lacking both grana and stroma lamellae.
