Prepare for NEET with Botany-specific practice questions. Covering all major Botany chapters, this is perfect for your NEET Biology needs.
Fucoxanthin, a prominent pigment in Phaeophyceae, masks other pigments. Under which light conditions would chlorophyll a's fluorescence be MOST readily observable in these algae?
Blue light
Red light
Green light
Yellow light
A mutation in a plant prevents the proper synthesis of pectin. Which tissue would be MOST directly affected by this mutation and what would be the primary consequence?
Sclerenchyma; decreased rigidity in mature tissues
Parenchyma; reduced storage capacity
Collenchyma; reduced flexible support in growing regions
Xylem; impaired water transport
Which statement BEST describes the relationship between collenchyma and sclerenchyma?
Both are composed of living cells at maturity.
Both have evenly thickened cell walls.
Both contain lignin in their cell walls.
Both provide structural support, but collenchyma provides flexible support in growing regions while sclerenchyma provides rigid support in mature regions.
Which of the following combinations of cell types are exclusively found in complex tissues and not simple tissues?
Sieve tubes, companion cells, and tracheids
Parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma
Xylem parenchyma, phloem parenchyma, and sclereids
Tracheids, vessels, and xylem fibres
Which specific characteristic of bordered pits in xylem tracheids facilitates the unidirectional flow of water while also preventing the spread of air embolisms?
Thickened secondary cell walls surrounding the pits
Presence of a torus and a flexible pit membrane
Overlapping arrangement of tracheids
Presence of tyloses within the tracheids
How does the arrangement of cellulose microfibrils in the secondary cell walls of xylem vessels contribute to their function?
Facilitates rapid water flow through the vessel lumen
Increases the flexibility of the vessel walls
Provides strength and prevents collapse under negative pressure
Regulates the passage of ions and nutrients into the xylem sap
The specific arrangement of sieve elements and companion cells in phloem tissue, where a single companion cell is associated with multiple sieve elements, is MOST characteristic of which plant group?
Angiosperms
Gymnosperms
Bryophytes
Pteridophytes
During secondary growth in dicot roots, which tissue initiates the formation of the vascular cambium?
The innermost layer of the cortex
The pericycle cells opposite to the protoxylem poles
The pith parenchyma cells
Partly from the pericycle and partly from the conjunctive parenchyma cells lying just below the phloem bundles
Which feature distinguishes the conjunctive tissue in a dicot root from the typical parenchyma found in the cortex?
Presence of intercellular spaces
Thin-walled cells with large vacuoles
Sclerenchymatous nature in mature roots providing mechanical support
Abundant chloroplasts for photosynthesis
Considering the structural adaptations of sclerenchyma, which of these statements best explains why these cells are typically dead at maturity?
The heavily lignified cell wall restricts the entry of essential substances for cellular metabolism.
Sclerenchyma cells actively undergo programmed cell death during development to enhance structural integrity.
The lack of a nucleus and other organelles reduces the metabolic burden, optimizing the cell for support.
Sclerenchyma cells are produced in excess and are shed as the plant grows, similar to epidermal cells.
