The Question is from neet-chemistry organic-chemistry-basics isomerism-structural-and-stereo, and it was created by the author A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO

Question

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the isomerism exhibited by the compound with the formula $C_4H_8$?

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Isomerism in organic chemistry
 **Related Topics**: Chain isomerism, position isomerism, geometrical isomerism, optical isomerism, alkenes, cycloalkanes
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of structural formulas, functional groups, and different types of isomerism.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
The molecular formula is $C_4H_8$. This formula corresponds to alkenes (with one double bond) and cycloalkanes.
**Method & Steps**:
1. **Chain Isomerism**:  $C_4H_8$ can have a straight chain (butene) or branched chain (methylpropene) structures. Therefore, it exhibits chain isomerism.
2. **Position Isomerism**: The position of the double bond can vary in butene (e.g., 1-butene vs. 2-butene). Thus, position isomerism is possible.
3. **Geometrical Isomerism**:  The presence of a double bond allows for cis-trans (or E-Z) isomerism. For example, 2-butene can exist as cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene. Hence, geometrical isomerism exists.
4. **Optical Isomerism**: Optical isomerism requires a chiral center (a carbon atom with four different substituents).  None of the isomers of $C_4H_8$ possess a chiral center. Therefore, optical isomerism is not possible.  Simultaneous geometrical and optical isomerism is also impossible for this compound.
**Result**: Option D is incorrect because $C_4H_8$ cannot exhibit both geometrical and optical isomerism simultaneously.
**Verification**: Analyzing the possible structures of $C_4H_8$ confirms that no structure can have both a double bond for geometrical isomerism and a chiral carbon for optical isomerism.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
A ✓: It can exhibit chain isomerism. (Correct)
B ✓: It can exhibit position isomerism. (Correct)
C ✓: It can exhibit geometrical isomerism. (Correct)
D :x: It can exhibit both geometrical and optical isomerism simultaneously. (Incorrect)
## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**: 
  1. Confusing geometrical and optical isomerism: Remember that geometrical isomerism involves restricted rotation around a double bond, while optical isomerism requires chirality.
  2. Overlooking the possibility of different types of isomerism: $C_4H_8$ exhibits multiple types of isomerism, so a systematic approach is essential.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1. Draw out all possible isomers to visualize the different types of isomerism.
  2. Check for chiral centers and double bonds to determine the possibilities of optical and geometrical isomerism respectively.

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

It can exhibit chain isomerism.

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

It can exhibit position isomerism.

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

It can exhibit geometrical isomerism.

A.RAMA NAGESWARARAO · Answer

The correct Option is "It can exhibit both geometrical and optical isomerism simultaneously."

NEET Chemistry Organic Chemistry: Some basic principles and techniques Isomerism [Structural & Stereo] MCQs

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