The Question is from neet-chemistry organic-chemistry-basics , and it was created by the author Mr. S M HUSSAIN

Question

A compound with the molecular formula $C_3H_6O$ exhibits functional group isomerism. Which pair of functional groups could be present?

Mr. S M HUSSAIN · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: B
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Functional group isomerism
 **Related Topics**: Aldehydes, Ketones,  Degrees of Unsaturation
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of functional groups and their formulas.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  Molecular formula: $C_3H_6O$
  Exhibits functional group isomerism (same molecular formula, different functional groups)
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Determine the degrees of unsaturation:
  Reasoning: The formula $C_nH_{2n}O$ suggests one degree of unsaturation (either a double bond or a ring).  Since the question implies functional group isomerism, we are looking for isomers with a double bond, not a ring.
  Formula/Rule: Degrees of unsaturation = $\frac{2C + 2 + N - X - H}{2}$, where C=number of carbons, N=number of nitrogens, X=number of halogens, H=number of hydrogens.  In this case, it's (2*3 + 2 - 6)/2 = 1.
 2. Identify possible functional groups with one degree of unsaturation and the given molecular formula:
  Working:  The only possibilities are aldehydes ($RCHO$) and ketones ($RCOR'$) which both have a C=O double bond.
  Key Point:  Alcohols and ethers have no double bonds. Carboxylic acids and esters have two oxygen atoms. Amines and amides contain nitrogen.
 3. Determine the pair of functional group isomers:
  Result: Propanal (an aldehyde) and propanone (a ketone) are isomers with the formula $C_3H_6O$.
  Verification: Both propanal and propanone fit the given molecular formula and have different functional groups (aldehyde and ketone respectively).
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Alcohol and ether do not fit the given formula and degree of unsaturation.
B ✓: Aldehyde and ketone are isomers with the formula $C_3H_6O$ and represent functional group isomerism.
C :x: Carboxylic acids and esters have the general formula $C_nH_{2n}O_2$, not $C_nH_{2n}O$.
D :x: Amines and amides contain nitrogen, which is not present in the given formula.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Incorrectly calculating the degree of unsaturation: Carefully apply the formula and consider all atoms.
  2.Not considering all possible functional groups: Systematically analyze the possibilities based on the given information.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Memorize common functional group formulas to quickly identify possibilities.
  2.Draw structural formulas to visualize isomers and verify their functional groups.

Mr. S M HUSSAIN · Answer

Alcohol and ether

Mr. S M HUSSAIN · Answer

The correct Option is "Aldehyde and ketone"

Mr. S M HUSSAIN · Answer

Carboxylic acid and ester

Mr. S M HUSSAIN · Answer

Amine and amide

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