The Question is from neet-zoology animal-kingdom , and it was created by the author Mr. BALACHANDRA.N

Question

In some Porifera, archaeocytes are totipotent. If an experiment selectively destroyed all archaeocytes within a sponge, which of the following would be the MOST immediate and devastating consequence?

Mr. BALACHANDRA.N · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Totipotency of archaeocytes in Porifera
 **Related Topics**: Sponge cell types, regeneration, differentiation
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of cell types and their functions in sponges, the concept of totipotency.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  Archaeocytes in some Porifera are totipotent (meaning they can differentiate into all other cell types).
  All archaeocytes are selectively destroyed.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Identify the function of archaeocytes.
  Reasoning: Archaeocytes are totipotent stem cells in sponges. They are responsible for regeneration, producing all other cell types (e.g., choanocytes, pinacocytes, sclerocytes), and contributing to various physiological processes.
  Formula/Rule: None
 2. Determine the immediate consequence of removing all archaeocytes.
  Working: Without archaeocytes, the sponge loses its capacity for regeneration and the ability to replace damaged or lost cells. This would have the most immediate and devastating consequence.
  Key Point:  While the other options (cessation of water flow, inability to capture food, and breakdown of the skeletal structure) would eventually occur, they are secondary effects stemming from the loss of regenerative capacity and differentiation potential.
 3. Select the most immediate and devastating consequence.
  Result: Loss of regenerative capacity and inability to differentiate into other cell types.
  Verification: The other options are consequences of the loss of archaeocytes but are not the most immediate or devastating. The sponge's ability to repair itself and maintain its structure is directly dependent on archaeocytes.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Cessation of water flow through the canal system is a function of choanocytes, primarily.  While archaeocyte loss *could* eventually affect this, it's not the immediate consequence.
B :x: Inability to capture food particles is related to choanocytes, not directly to archaeocytes.  It's an indirect consequence.
C :x: Breakdown of the spongin skeletal structure is a consequence of the inability to repair and regenerate, but not the immediate cause.  Sclerocytes are responsible for spicule formation, but archaeocytes contribute to overall regeneration of the structure.
D ✓: Loss of regenerative capacity and inability to differentiate into other cell types is the direct and immediate result of destroying all archaeocytes.  This is the most devastating because it compromises the sponge's ability to survive and maintain its structure.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Focusing on secondary effects instead of the direct consequence of archaeocyte removal.
  How to avoid: Carefully consider the primary function of archaeocytes – totipotency and their role in regeneration and differentiation.
  2. Assuming that archaeocytes directly perform all functions of a sponge.  They are essential for maintaining the sponge, but other cell types have specific roles.
  How to avoid: Understand the division of labor among different cell types in sponges.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember that totipotent cells can differentiate into all cell types.
  2.The most immediate consequence of removing a vital cell type is the loss of its functions.

Mr. BALACHANDRA.N · Answer

Cessation of water flow through the canal system

Mr. BALACHANDRA.N · Answer

Inability to capture food particles

Mr. BALACHANDRA.N · Answer

Breakdown of the spongin skeletal structure

Mr. BALACHANDRA.N · Answer

The correct Option is "Loss of regenerative capacity and inability to differentiate into other cell types"

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