Prepare for NEET Biology Body Fluids And Circulation (Disorders Of Circulatory System) with MCQs & PYQs on NEET.GUIDE. Access free practice, previous year questions, and expert insights into hypertension, coronary artery disease, and heart failure.
NEET Questions / Zoology / Body Fluids And Circulation / Disorders Of Circulatory System
A patient presents with severe chest pain radiating to the left arm, shortness of breath, and diaphoresis. ECG reveals ST-segment elevation. Which of the following is the MOST likely immediate underlying pathophysiological mechanism?
Spasm of a coronary artery leading to transient ischemia
Rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque leading to complete coronary artery occlusion
Progressive narrowing of coronary arteries due to chronic endothelial dysfunction
Formation of a mural thrombus in the left ventricle leading to embolization
A patient with long-standing hypertension develops left ventricular hypertrophy. Which of the following hemodynamic changes is the MOST direct consequence of this hypertrophy?
Decreased cardiac output
Increased left ventricular afterload
Reduced systemic vascular resistance
Increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
Which of the following combinations of factors MOST significantly predisposes an individual to the development of an aortic aneurysm?
Hypotension, obesity, and family history of hypercholesterolemia
Hypertension, smoking, and genetic predisposition to connective tissue disorders
Diabetes mellitus, sedentary lifestyle, and high-fiber diet
Asthma, alcohol abuse, and family history of deep vein thrombosis
A patient with mitral stenosis experiences increased pulmonary vascular resistance. What is the PRIMARY mechanism leading to this increase?
Active vasoconstriction of pulmonary arterioles due to hypoxia
Passive backward transmission of elevated left atrial pressure
Increased blood viscosity due to elevated red blood cell production
Compression of pulmonary vessels by an enlarged left atrium
In a patient with congestive heart failure, which of the following neurohormonal compensatory mechanisms contributes MOST significantly to fluid retention?
Suppression of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release
Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
Increased atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion
Decreased sympathetic nervous system activity
A patient with a history of rheumatic fever develops severe mitral regurgitation. Which of the following hemodynamic changes is MOST directly responsible for the characteristic systolic murmur heard in this condition?
Forward flow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle during diastole
Backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole
Turbulent flow across a stenotic aortic valve during systole
Increased flow velocity across the mitral valve during diastole
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of hypertension?
Headaches
Shortness of breath
Nosebleeds
Low blood pressure
What is the term for the blockage of a blood vessel by a clot?
Atherosclerosis
Angina
Thrombosis
Arteriosclerosis
Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Right atrium
A condition where the heart beats irregularly is known as:
Atherosclerosis
Angina pectoris
Arrhythmia
Myocardial infarction
