The Question is from neet-zoology breathing-and-exchange-of-gases disorders-of-respiratory-system, and it was created by the author T HARITHA

Question

A young child with recurrent respiratory infections and chronic cough is found to have situs inversus. Which of the following respiratory conditions is MOST likely associated with this finding?

T HARITHA · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C (Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia)
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**:  Genetic disorders affecting ciliary function and their association with situs inversus.
 **Related Topics**: Kartagener syndrome, respiratory infections, situs inversus, cilia, mucociliary clearance.
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of basic respiratory anatomy, physiology, and genetics.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  * Young child
  * Recurrent respiratory infections
  * Chronic cough
  * Situs inversus (reversed organ placement)
  [Important conditions]: The presence of situs inversus is a key clue.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Identify the association between situs inversus and respiratory conditions.
  Reasoning: Situs inversus is often associated with Kartagener syndrome, a genetic disorder affecting cilia.
  Formula/Rule:  No specific formula applies here; this is a diagnostic reasoning problem.
 2. Consider the impact of dysfunctional cilia on respiratory health.
  Working: Defective cilia impair mucociliary clearance, leading to mucus buildup in the airways. This increases susceptibility to respiratory infections and chronic cough.
  Key Point:  The key is understanding the role of cilia in clearing mucus from the respiratory tract.
 3. Determine which respiratory condition is most strongly linked to ciliary dysfunction and situs inversus.
  Result: Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) is the most likely diagnosis, as it's often associated with Kartagener syndrome (PCD + situs inversus + sinusitis).
  Verification: The other options are less likely. Cystic fibrosis affects mucus production, not ciliary function. Asthma is a bronchospastic condition. Emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Cystic Fibrosis: While CF causes recurrent respiratory infections, it's not typically associated with situs inversus.
B :x: Asthma: Asthma is a bronchospastic condition and not directly linked to situs inversus.
C ✓: Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: PCD is strongly associated with situs inversus due to its effect on left-right axis determination during embryonic development.
D :x: Emphysema: Emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, typically related to smoking and not directly associated with situs inversus.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing the symptoms of different respiratory conditions: Pay close attention to the association between situs inversus and ciliary dysfunction.
  2.Overlooking the significance of situs inversus: This is a major clue pointing towards a genetic disorder affecting cilia.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember Kartagener syndrome as a key association with situs inversus and respiratory issues.
  2.Focus on the role of cilia in mucociliary clearance and its impact on respiratory health.

T HARITHA · Answer

Cystic Fibrosis

T HARITHA · Answer

Asthma

T HARITHA · Answer

The correct Option is "Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia"

T HARITHA · Answer

Emphysema

NEET Zoology Breathing And Exchange Of Gases Disorders Of Respiratory System MCQs

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