1.

    A mutation in the gene encoding the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) protein is MOST likely to result in which immunological consequence?

    A

    Increased susceptibility to bacterial infections

    B

    Impaired isotype switching in B cells

    C

    Defective T cell development in the thymus

    D

    Development of autoimmunity against tissue-specific antigens

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    2.

    Passive immunization include

    A

    Transfer of lymphocyte directly

    B

    Transfer of maternal antibodies across placenta to the foetus

    C

    Introduction of antibodies

    D

    Both (2) and (3)

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    4.

    Identify the wrong statement with reference to immunity

    A

    Active immunity is developed when a person's own cells produce antibodies in response to infection or vaccine

    B

    Injection of antibodies collected from patients who have recovered from a disease provides passive immunity

    C

    Certain types of leukocytes transform into memory cells in response to an antigen

    D

    Innate immunity is characterized by memory

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    9.

    Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the human immune system?

    A

    The innate immune system has memory.

    B

    Antibodies are produced by B cells.

    C

    The immune system protects against a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

    D

    Vaccines help to strengthen the immune system.

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