The Question is from neet-zoology structural-organisation-in-animals , and it was created by the author K SUNKANNA

Question

Metaplasia, a change in epithelial tissue type, can occur in response to chronic irritation. Which of the following is NOT a typical example of metaplasia?

K SUNKANNA · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Metaplasia
 **Related Topics**: Epithelial tissues, cellular adaptation, chronic irritation, pathological changes
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of different types of epithelial tissues (e.g., stratified squamous, columnar, transitional, ciliated) and the concept of cellular adaptation in response to stress.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The question asks to identify an option that does NOT represent a typical example of metaplasia.
  Metaplasia is a reversible change in which one differentiated cell type is replaced by another cell type.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Analyze each option to determine if it represents a typical metaplastic change.
  Reasoning: Metaplasia typically occurs in response to chronic irritation or inflammation, aiming to provide a more resilient cell type to the adverse environment.
 2. Evaluate the plausibility of each option in the context of metaplasia.
  Working:
  A. Ciliated columnar epithelium changing to stratified squamous epithelium in smokers is a classic example of metaplasia in the respiratory tract due to chronic irritation from smoke.
  B. Stratified squamous epithelium changing to columnar epithelium in Barrett's esophagus is another well-known example caused by chronic gastroesophageal reflux.
  C. Transitional epithelium changing to stratified squamous epithelium due to increased urine flow is less likely to be a true metaplastic change.  Increased urine flow is not a typical trigger for metaplasia; the change might be due to other factors or might not represent a true metaplastic response.
  D. Glandular epithelium changing to stratified squamous epithelium in response to chronic infection is a known example; the stratified squamous epithelium is a more resistant cell type to the chronic infection.
 3. Identify the option that is NOT a typical example of metaplasia.
  Result: Option C is the least likely to be a typical example of metaplasia.
  Verification:  The other options are all established examples of metaplasia in medical literature. Option C lacks the typical chronic irritation or inflammatory stimulus associated with metaplasia.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A ✓: Ciliated columnar epithelium of the bronchi changing to stratified squamous epithelium in smokers is a classic example of metaplasia due to chronic irritation from cigarette smoke.
B :x: Stratified squamous epithelium of the esophagus changing to columnar epithelium in Barrett's esophagus is a known metaplastic change due to chronic acid reflux.
C :x: Transitional epithelium of the bladder changing to stratified squamous epithelium due to increased urine flow is less likely to be a direct result of metaplasia. Other factors are more likely responsible for this change.
D :x: Glandular epithelium of the cervix changing to stratified squamous epithelium in response to chronic infection is a known metaplastic response to the chronic irritation.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing metaplasia with other adaptive changes (hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy):  Understand the distinct characteristics of each adaptive process.
  2.Assuming any epithelial change is necessarily metaplasia:  Consider other factors that may contribute to epithelial changes.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember the common stimuli for metaplasia (chronic irritation, inflammation).
  2.Focus on the underlying cause of the change in epithelial tissue type.

K SUNKANNA · Answer

Ciliated columnar epithelium of the bronchi changing to stratified squamous epithelium in smokers

K SUNKANNA · Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium of the esophagus changing to columnar epithelium in Barrett's esophagus

K SUNKANNA · Answer

The correct Option is "Transitional epithelium of the bladder changing to stratified squamous epithelium due to increased urine flow"

K SUNKANNA · Answer

Glandular epithelium of the cervix changing to stratified squamous epithelium in response to chronic infection

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