A 55-year-old male presents with progressive dyspnea, cough, and weight loss. A chest X-ray reveals bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and interstitial infiltrates. Bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy shows non-caseating granulomas. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis?

Correct chronological order of the steps occurring during gene therapy are I. Lymphocytes are obtained from the patients II. Lymphocytes are transferred to the culture dishes III. Lymphocytes are transfected with the normal ADA genes . The transfected cell are returned to the patients The chronological order should be

Consider the following statements

I. Earlier, insulin was extracted from pancreas of slaughtered cattle and pigs which was more efficient than the genetically engineered insulin

II. PCR technique is being used for the detection of HIV in suspected AIDS patients and genetic mutations in suspected cancer patients

III. Cystic fibrosis, haemophilia, cancer, Parkinon’s etc., are treated by gene therapy

Which of the statements given above are correct?

For effective treatment of the disease, early diagnosis and understanding its pathophysiology is very important. Which of the following molecular diagnostic techniques is very useful for early detection?

For effective disease management, early diagnosis and understanding the underlying mechanisms are crucial. Which molecular diagnostic technique is most valuable for early disease detection?

Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance?

In 1983, Eli Lilly an American company, first prepared two DNA sequences corresponding to A and B-chains of the human insulin and introduced them in the plasmids of $Escherchia{\rm{ }}coli$ to produce insulin chains. Chains A and B were prepared separately, extracted and combined by creating

Read the following statements about agarose gel electrophoresis and choose the incorrect option.

Application of PCR are

I. detection of pathogens

II. diagnosis of specific mutation

III. DNA fingerprinting

Choose the correct option

Which molecular technique is used to detect specific RNA sequences in a sample, which can be helpful in diagnosing RNA viruses or studying gene expression?