A scientist isolates chloroplasts and provides them with $^{14}CO_2$ in the dark. After a brief period, the $^{14}C$ is found predominantly in:

If a plant is exposed to high $O_2$ levels and shows a significant decrease in $CO_2$ fixation, is it more likely to be a $C_3$ or $C_4$ plant? Explain your reasoning.

I. In ${C_3} -$ plant, Calvin pathway takes place in mesophyll cell

II. In ${C_4} -$ plant, Calvin pathway takes place in the mesophyll cell

Which of the following statements true?

Choose the correct option

I. It is the characteristic of ${C_4} -$ plants II. It is the characteristic of ${C_3} -$ -plants III. It occurs in chloroplast IV. It occurs in day time V. It occurs in night Select the correct options in relation to photorespiration Correct option Incorrect option

Chloroplasts without grana are known to occur in

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: In $C_3$ plants, increased $O_2$ levels can lead to decreased $CO_2$ fixation due to competition with RuBisCO.

Statement II: In $C_4$ plants, photorespiration is significantly reduced in mesophyll cells and nearly absent in bundle sheath cells.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

${C_3}$ plants among the following are

In ${C_3}$ plants, the first stable product of photosynthesis during dark reaction is

Photorespiration in ${C_3} -$ plants starts from

Which one of the following is wrong in relation to photorespiration?

Chloroplasts without grana are known to occur in