The Question is from neet-botany plant-growth-and-development , and it was created by the author B VENKAT

Question

A plant hormone promotes bolting in rosette plants and is also antagonistic to the effects of abscisic acid on alpha-amylase activity. This hormone also plays a key role in apical dominance.  Which of the following hormones fits this description?

B VENKAT · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: 1 (Gibberellin)
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Plant hormone functions
 **Related Topics**: Plant growth regulators, seed germination, apical dominance, abscisic acid (ABA) antagonism
 **Prerequisites**: Basic knowledge of plant physiology and the roles of major plant hormones.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
The question describes a plant hormone with three key functions:
1. Promotes bolting in rosette plants (transition from vegetative to reproductive growth).
2. Antagonistic to abscisic acid (ABA) effects on alpha-amylase activity (ABA inhibits germination, so the hormone counteracts this).
3. Plays a key role in apical dominance (suppresses lateral bud growth).
**Method & Steps**:
1. Analyze each hormone's known functions:
   Gibberellins (GAs) are known to stimulate stem elongation, promote bolting in rosette plants, and break seed dormancy by stimulating alpha-amylase production (thus counteracting ABA).
   Auxins primarily regulate cell elongation and apical dominance.
   Cytokinins promote cell division and are involved in apical dominance but don't directly influence bolting or alpha-amylase activity in the same way as GAs.
   Ethylene promotes fruit ripening, leaf abscission, and senescence; it is not directly involved in bolting or alpha-amylase activity.
2. Compare the hormone functions to the given description:
  Only gibberellins fulfill all three criteria described in the question.
3. Conclusion:
Gibberellin is the correct answer.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
A] ✓: Gibberellin:  Promotes bolting, antagonizes ABA's effect on alpha-amylase (promoting germination), and plays a role in apical dominance.
B] :x: Auxin: Primarily involved in cell elongation and apical dominance, but doesn't directly promote bolting or antagonize ABA's effect on alpha-amylase in the same way as gibberellin.
C] :x: Cytokinin:  Promotes cell division and is involved in apical dominance but doesn't directly affect bolting or alpha-amylase activity to the extent described.
D] :x: Ethylene: Primarily involved in senescence, fruit ripening, and leaf abscission; not directly related to bolting or alpha-amylase activity.
## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1. Confusing the roles of different plant hormones:  Thorough understanding of each hormone's function is crucial.
  2. Focusing on only one characteristic of the hormone:  The question requires consideration of all three mentioned functions.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.  Memorize the key functions of major plant hormones (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, ethylene).
  2.  Use mnemonics or diagrams to associate hormones with their specific roles.

B VENKAT · Answer

The correct Option is "Gibberellin"

B VENKAT · Answer

Auxin

B VENKAT · Answer

Cytokinin

B VENKAT · Answer

Ethylene

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