The Question is from neet-botany , and it was created by the author NISHANTH

Question

Which of the following parts in angiosperms are diploid and triploid, respectively?

NISHANTH · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Ploidy levels in angiosperm reproductive structures.
	**Related Topics**: Double fertilization, megagametogenesis, microgametogenesis.
	**Prerequisites**: Basic knowledge of angiosperm life cycle and ploidy.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
	- The question asks for a diploid and triploid structure in angiosperms, respectively
	- We are given four options with pairs of plant structures.
**Method & Steps**:
	1.	Recall the process of double fertilization in angiosperms.
		Reasoning: Double fertilization results in the formation of a diploid zygote and a triploid endosperm.
		Formula/Rule: N + N = 2N (diploid), N + N + N = 3N (triploid)
	2.	Identify the ploidy of each structure in the options.
		Working: 
		- **Secondary nucleus**: Formed by the fusion of two haploid polar nuclei, thus diploid (2n).
		- **Endosperm**: Formed by the fusion of a sperm nucleus (n) and the diploid secondary nucleus (2n), thus triploid (3n).
		- **Microspore mother cell**: Diploid (2n) as it undergoes meiosis.
		- **Egg cell**: Haploid (n) as it is a product of meiosis.
		- **Polar nucleus**: Haploid (n).
		- **Antipodal cells**: Haploid (n).
	3.	Match the correct pair of diploid and triploid structure.
		Result: The secondary nucleus is diploid and the endosperm is triploid.
		Verification: Option A matches the condition.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] ✓: Secondary nucleus is diploid (2n), and endosperm is triploid (3n) as a result of double fertilization.
[B] :x: Microspore mother cell is diploid (2n), but the egg cell is haploid (n).
[C] :x: Polar nucleus is haploid (n), while the secondary nucleus is diploid (2n). The order is incorrect.
[D] :x: Endosperm is triploid (3n), but the antipodal cells are haploid (n). The order is incorrect.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1.[Error 1]: Confusing ploidy levels of different structures. [How to avoid]: Review the process of gametogenesis and fertilization.
		2.[Error 2]: Forgetting the origin of the secondary nucleus and endosperm. [How to avoid]: Remember that the secondary nucleus is diploid and the endosperm is triploid due to double fertilization.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1.[Helpful shortcut]: Remember that the endosperm is generally a triploid tissue in angiosperms.
		2.[Memory aid]: Think of 'Double' fertilization leading to a diploid zygote and a 'tripled' nucleus in the endosperm.

NISHANTH · Answer

The correct Option is "Secondary nucleus and endosperm "

NISHANTH · Answer

Microspore mother cell and egg cell

NISHANTH · Answer

Polar nucleus and secondary nucleus

NISHANTH · Answer

Endosperm and antipodal cells

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