The Question is from neet-botany , and it was created by the author NISHANTH

Question

A mutation in a tree species results in the inability of its vascular cambium to produce fusiform initials. Which of the following consequences would be MOST directly observed?

NISHANTH · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: [Option C]
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
	**Primary Concept**: Vascular cambium function in secondary growth
	**Related Topics**: Secondary xylem, secondary phloem, cambial activity
	**Prerequisites**: Understanding of plant vascular tissues and growth processes
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
		- A mutation affects the vascular cambium
		- The cambium cannot produce fusiform initials
**Method & Steps**:
	1. The vascular cambium is responsible for producing secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem (bark).
		Reasoning: Fusiform initials are essential for the formation of the axial system in these tissues.
		Formula/Rule: N/A
	2. Without the production of fusiform initials, the cambium cannot contribute to the development of the axial system, which includes the vessels and fibers in the xylem and the sieve elements in the phloem.
		Working: The axial system is critical for transporting water and nutrients in the plant.
		Key Point: Lack of fusiform initials directly impacts the overall growth and structure of the tree.
	3. The most immediate consequence would be the absence of the axial systems in both secondary xylem and phloem.
		Result: This results in limited growth and functionality of the plant's vascular system.
		Verification: Since fusiform initials are crucial for axial systems, their absence confirms the answer.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] :x: Cessation of primary growth - Primary growth is not directly related to the cambium's ability to produce fusiform initials.
[B] :x: Absence of radial vascular bundles - This is not the most direct consequence of the mutation.
[C] ✓: Lack of axial system development in secondary xylem and phloem - Correct, as this is directly related to the inability to produce fusiform initials.
[D] :x: Increased production of ray parenchyma - Ray parenchyma is produced from ray initials, not fusiform initials, so this would not occur.
## LEARNING AIDS
	**Common Mistakes**:
		1. Confusing primary and secondary growth: Remember that primary growth occurs at the apical meristems, while secondary growth involves the vascular cambium.
		2. Overlooking the roles of cambial initials: Understand the specific roles of fusiform and ray initials in plant growth.
	**Quick Tips**:
		1. Visualize the plant structure: Diagrams of tree anatomy can help clarify the roles of different types of cambial initials.
		2. Relate processes to functions: Connecting how cambial activity affects plant health and resource transport can aid retention.

NISHANTH · Answer

Cessation of primary growth

NISHANTH · Answer

Absence of radial vascular bundles

NISHANTH · Answer

The correct Option is "Lack of axial system development in secondary xylem and phloem"

NISHANTH · Answer

Increased production of ray parenchyma

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