The Question is from neet-botany , and it was created by the author D VINOD

Question

Which of these is a common nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in root nodules of leguminous plants?

D VINOD · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Nitrogen fixation by bacteria in legume root nodules
 **Related Topics**: Symbiotic relationships, nitrogen cycle, plant nutrition
 **Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of bacterial roles in ecosystems and plant biology.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  The question asks for a nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in the root nodules of leguminous plants.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Identify nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
  Reasoning: Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen ($N_2$) into ammonia ($NH_3$), a form usable by plants.  Several types exist, some free-living and others symbiotic.
 2. Determine which bacteria are symbiotic with legumes.
  Working: Rhizobium is a genus of bacteria known for its symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants. They form root nodules where nitrogen fixation occurs.
  Key Point:  The other options are nitrifying bacteria involved in different stages of the nitrogen cycle, not directly fixing atmospheric nitrogen in legume nodules.
 3. Select the correct answer.
  Result: Rhizobium is the correct answer.
  Verification: Rhizobium's role in nitrogen fixation within legume root nodules is well-established in biology.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Nitrosomonas: This bacteria is involved in nitrification, converting ammonium ($NH_4^+$) to nitrite ($NO_2^-$).
B :x: Nitrobacter: This bacteria is also involved in nitrification, converting nitrite ($NO_2^-$) to nitrate ($NO_3^-$).
C :x: Azotobacter: This is a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria; it does not typically form symbiotic relationships with legumes.
D ✓: Rhizobium: This is a genus of bacteria that forms symbiotic relationships with legumes, fixing nitrogen in their root nodules.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing nitrogen fixation with nitrification:  Remember that nitrification is the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate, while nitrogen fixation is the reduction of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia.
  2.Failing to distinguish between free-living and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria:  Understand the difference between bacteria that fix nitrogen independently and those that do so in a symbiotic relationship with plants.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember the key role of Rhizobium in the nitrogen cycle and its association with legumes.
  2.Use mnemonics or diagrams to help remember the different types of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and their functions.

D VINOD · Answer

Nitrosomonas

D VINOD · Answer

Nitrobacter

D VINOD · Answer

Azotobacter

D VINOD · Answer

The correct Option is "Rhizobium"

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