The Question is from neet-zoology chemical-coordincation-and-integration parathyroid-gland, and it was created by the author T HARITHA

Question

A patient presents with muscle weakness, fatigue, and depression. Blood tests reveal elevated calcium levels and decreased phosphate levels. Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY cause of these symptoms?

T HARITHA · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Hyperparathyroidism
 **Related Topics**: Calcium and phosphate metabolism, parathyroid gland function, endocrine disorders
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of hormonal regulation of calcium and phosphate levels.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  Muscle weakness, fatigue, depression, elevated calcium levels, decreased phosphate levels.
  
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Analyze the blood test results: Elevated calcium and decreased phosphate levels suggest a problem with calcium and phosphate regulation.
  Reasoning:  These are key indicators of a disruption in the parathyroid hormone (PTH) pathway.
  
 2. Consider the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH): PTH increases blood calcium levels and decreases blood phosphate levels.
  Working:  Overproduction of PTH leads to hypercalcemia (high calcium) and hypophosphatemia (low phosphate).  These conditions cause the presented symptoms: muscle weakness, fatigue, and depression.
  Key Point: The symptoms are classic for hyperparathyroidism.
 3. Evaluate the options:
  Result: Option A, overproduction of parathyroid hormone due to a parathyroid adenoma, is the most likely cause, as it directly explains the elevated calcium and decreased phosphate levels.
  Verification: The other options don't align with the presented clinical picture.  Vitamin D deficiency would cause decreased calcium and phosphate, and excessive calcium intake wouldn't typically lead to decreased phosphate.  Underproduction of PTH would have the opposite effect on calcium and phosphate levels.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A ✓: Overproduction of parathyroid hormone due to a parathyroid adenoma. This is the most likely cause as it directly explains the elevated calcium and decreased phosphate levels.  A parathyroid adenoma is a benign tumor that causes the parathyroid gland to produce excessive PTH.
B :x: Underproduction of parathyroid hormone due to accidental removal during thyroid surgery. This would lead to hypocalcemia (low calcium) and hyperphosphatemia (high phosphate), the opposite of what is observed.
C :x: Vitamin D deficiency leading to decreased calcium absorption. This would lead to decreased calcium levels, not elevated levels.
D :x: Excessive calcium intake through dietary supplements. While this could elevate calcium, it wouldn't typically cause decreased phosphate levels. 
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing the effects of hyper- and hypoparathyroidism: Remember that hyperparathyroidism causes elevated calcium and decreased phosphate, while hypoparathyroidism causes the opposite.
  2.Overlooking the clinical presentation: The symptoms of muscle weakness, fatigue, and depression should direct you toward an endocrine disorder.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember the mnemonic:  Hyperparathyroidism = High Calcium, Low Phosphate.
  2.Associate the symptoms (muscle weakness, fatigue, depression) with hypercalcemia.

T HARITHA · Answer

The correct Option is "Overproduction of parathyroid hormone due to a parathyroid adenoma"

T HARITHA · Answer

Underproduction of parathyroid hormone due to accidental removal during thyroid surgery

T HARITHA · Answer

Vitamin D deficiency leading to decreased calcium absorption

T HARITHA · Answer

Excessive calcium intake through dietary supplements

NEET Zoology Chemical Coordination and Integration Parathyroid Gland MCQs

Select Topic

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

Question Tags

NEET Subjects

Our Bots

Company