The Question is from neet-zoology chemical-coordincation-and-integration thyroid-gland, and it was created by the author BALASOURY

Question

A patient presents with weight loss, heat intolerance, and increased heart rate. Blood tests reveal elevated T3 and T4 levels, but TSH levels are low. A radioactive iodine uptake test shows diffuse uptake. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis, considering the specific combination of these findings?

BALASOURY · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: C
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Thyroid function tests and differential diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.
 **Related Topics**: Thyroid hormones (T3, T4, TSH), radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU), Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, toxic multinodular goiter, thyroid adenoma.
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis and the role of each hormone.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  Weight loss, heat intolerance, increased heart rate (symptoms of hyperthyroidism)
  Elevated T3 and T4 levels
  Low TSH levels
  Diffuse uptake on radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) test
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Analyze the patient's symptoms and lab results.
  Reasoning: The symptoms and elevated T3 and T4 with suppressed TSH indicate hyperthyroidism.  Diffuse uptake on RAIU suggests a diffusely active thyroid gland, ruling out focal lesions.
  Formula/Rule: None directly applicable, this is a clinical interpretation.
 2. Consider the differential diagnoses.
  Working:  Let's evaluate each option:
  * Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Typically presents with hypothyroidism (low T3, T4, high TSH), not hyperthyroidism.
  * Toxic multinodular goiter: Presents with hyperthyroidism but usually shows focal uptake on RAIU, not diffuse.
  * Graves' disease: The most common cause of hyperthyroidism, characterized by diffuse thyroid enlargement and increased iodine uptake.  It aligns perfectly with the presented clinical picture.
  * Thyroid adenoma: Can cause hyperthyroidism, but usually shows focal uptake on RAIU.
 3. Determine the most likely diagnosis.
  Result: Graves' disease is the most likely diagnosis given the diffuse uptake on RAIU, elevated T3 and T4, suppressed TSH, and the patient's symptoms.
  Verification: The combination of symptoms and test results strongly supports Graves' disease as the most probable diagnosis.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Hashimoto's thyroiditis is associated with hypothyroidism, not hyperthyroidism.
B :x: Toxic multinodular goiter typically shows focal, not diffuse, uptake on RAIU.
C ✓: Graves' disease is characterized by diffuse thyroid enlargement and increased iodine uptake, perfectly matching the clinical presentation.
D :x: Thyroid adenoma usually presents with focal uptake on RAIU, not diffuse uptake.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing the clinical presentations of different thyroid disorders:  Understanding the specific features of each condition is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  2.Overlooking the significance of the RAIU test results: The pattern of iodine uptake provides valuable information for differentiating between various thyroid diseases.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember that diffuse uptake on RAIU is highly suggestive of Graves' disease.
  2.Use a systematic approach to analyze thyroid function test results and correlate them with clinical symptoms.

BALASOURY · Answer

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

BALASOURY · Answer

Toxic multinodular goiter

BALASOURY · Answer

The correct Option is "Graves' disease"

BALASOURY · Answer

Thyroid adenoma

NEET Zoology Chemical Coordination and Integration Thyroid Gland MCQs

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