The Question is from neet-zoology excretory-products-and-their-elimination human-excretory-system, and it was created by the author T HARITHA

Question

A patient presents with glucosuria, but their blood glucose levels are normal.  Further investigation reveals a defect in the reabsorption of glucose. Which part of the nephron is most likely affected?

T HARITHA · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: A
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Renal Physiology, specifically glucose reabsorption in the nephron.
 **Related Topics**: Nephron structure and function, tubular reabsorption, glucosuria.
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of the nephron's different segments and their roles in urine formation.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
  * Glucosuria (glucose in the urine).
  * Normal blood glucose levels.
  * Defect in glucose reabsorption.
**Method & Steps**:
 1. Identify the nephron segment responsible for glucose reabsorption.
  Reasoning: Glucose is freely filtered in the glomerulus.  Almost all filtered glucose is normally reabsorbed, preventing its excretion in the urine.  The presence of glucosuria with normal blood glucose indicates a problem with this reabsorption process.
  Formula/Rule:  None directly applicable, this is a qualitative understanding question.
 2. Determine which nephron segment is primarily involved in glucose reabsorption.
  Working: The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is the primary site of glucose reabsorption.  It utilizes sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs) to actively transport glucose from the filtrate into the peritubular capillaries.
  Key Point:  While some glucose reabsorption might occur in other segments, it's insignificant compared to the PCT.
 3. Conclude which part of the nephron is most likely affected.
  Result: Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT).
  Verification: A defect in the PCT's glucose reabsorption mechanisms would explain the presence of glucosuria despite normal blood glucose levels.
 ## OPTION ANALYSIS
[A] ✓: Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT): This is correct because the PCT is the primary site of glucose reabsorption. A defect here would lead to glucosuria even with normal blood glucose.
[B] :x: Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT): While the DCT plays a role in fine-tuning electrolyte balance, it's not the primary site of glucose reabsorption.
[C] :x: Loop of Henle: The Loop of Henle is mainly involved in concentrating the urine and reabsorbing water and ions, not glucose.
[D] :x: Collecting Duct: The collecting duct primarily regulates water and electrolyte balance; it does not significantly reabsorb glucose.
 ## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing the roles of different nephron segments:  Understanding the specific functions of each segment (PCT, DCT, Loop of Henle, Collecting Duct) is crucial.
  2.Assuming glucosuria always indicates high blood glucose:  Glucosuria can result from impaired reabsorption even with normal blood glucose levels.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember the key function of the PCT: reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, and other essential substances.
  2.Associate glucosuria with defects in the PCT's reabsorption mechanisms.

T HARITHA · Answer

The correct Option is "Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)"

T HARITHA · Answer

Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)

T HARITHA · Answer

Loop of Henle

T HARITHA · Answer

Collecting Duct

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