Prepare for NEET Biology Excretory Products And Their Elimination (Human Excretory System) with MCQs & PYQs on NEET.GUIDE. Access free practice, previous year questions, and expert guidance to examine kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
NEET Questions / Zoology / Excretory Products And Their Elimination / Human Excretory System
A patient presents with glucosuria, but their blood glucose levels are normal. Further investigation reveals a defect in the reabsorption of glucose. Which part of the nephron is most likely affected?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
Loop of Henle
Collecting Duct
A rare genetic disorder leads to impaired urea transport across cell membranes within the nephron. Which region's function would be MOST directly compromised, leading to a significant disruption in the establishment of the medullary concentration gradient?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Distal Convoluted Tubule
Thick Ascending Limb of the Loop of Henle
Collecting Duct
The counter-current mechanism in the nephron is primarily responsible for:
Filtering the blood
Secreting hormones
Concentrating the urine
Regulating blood pH
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: Nephrons are classified into cortical and juxtamedullary types based on their location within the kidney.
Reason R: Cortical nephrons possess short loops of Henle, while juxtamedullary nephrons have long loops of Henle extending deep into the medulla.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
A is true but R is false
A is false but R is true
Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons?
Juxtamedullary nephrons are located entirely in the cortex, while cortical nephrons are found in both the cortex and medulla.
Juxtamedullary nephrons have long loops of Henle that extend deep into the renal medulla and are associated with vasa recta, while cortical nephrons have short loops of Henle that barely enter the medulla and are not associated with vasa recta.
Cortical nephrons are responsible for concentrating urine, while juxtamedullary nephrons primarily filter blood.
Both cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons have identical structures and functions, but are located in different regions of the kidney.
The length of the loop of Henle in juxtamedullary nephrons is crucial for:
Filtering blood
Secreting hormones
Concentrating urine
Regulating blood pressure
If a person's kidneys primarily contained cortical nephrons, what would be the likely consequence?
Highly concentrated urine
Reduced filtration rate
Production of dilute urine
Increased blood pressure
Match the following nephron types with the characteristics of their loop of Henle:
| Nephron Type | Loop of Henle Characteristic |
|---|---|
| 1. Cortical Nephron | A. Long loop extending deep into the medulla |
| 2. Juxtamedullary Nephron | B. Short loop primarily in the cortex |
Choose the correct matching:
1-A, 2-B
1-B, 2-A
Both 1-A and 2-A
Both 1-B and 2-B
Which of the following is a characteristic of juxtamedullary nephrons?
Short loops of Henle confined to the cortex
Long loops of Henle extending deep into the medulla
Absence of vasa recta
Located primarily in the renal cortex
In majority of nephrons, the loop of Henley’s is found in the
Cortical region of the kidney
Medullary region of the kidney
Both (a) and (b)
Pelvis region of the kidney
