The Question is from neet-zoology , and it was created by the author BALASOURY

Question

The evolutionary process where a new species arises within the same geographic area as its parent species is called:

BALASOURY · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Speciation
 **Related Topics**: Reproductive isolation, geographic isolation, genetic drift, natural selection
 **Prerequisites**: Understanding of basic evolutionary principles and mechanisms of species formation.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
The question asks about a speciation event occurring within the same geographic area as the parent species.

**Method & Steps**:
1. **Understanding Speciation Types**: Speciation is the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution. Different types of speciation are distinguished based on the geographic context in which they occur.
2. **Analyzing Options**: 
    * **Allopatric speciation:** This involves geographic isolation of populations, leading to divergence and eventual speciation. This doesn't fit the question's criteria of the same geographic area.
    * **Peripatric speciation:** A special case of allopatric speciation where a small population is isolated at the edge of the parent population's range. Again, different geographic areas are involved.
    * **Parapatric speciation:**  This occurs when populations are adjacent but still experience some gene flow.  While in the same general area, there's a degree of separation. It's not perfectly within the same area.
    * **Sympatric speciation:** This is speciation occurring within the same geographic area. This directly addresses the question's condition.
3. **Conclusion**: Sympatric speciation is the only type of speciation that occurs without geographic isolation. Thus, it is the correct answer.

**Result**: Sympatric speciation
**Verification**: The definition of sympatric speciation aligns perfectly with the question's description.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
A :x: Allopatric speciation requires geographic isolation, which is explicitly excluded in the question.
B :x: Peripatric speciation is a form of allopatric speciation, thus also requiring geographic isolation.
C :x: Parapatric speciation involves some degree of geographic separation, although less than allopatric.
D ✓: Sympatric speciation accurately describes the formation of new species within the same geographic region.
## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing allopatric and sympatric speciation: Remember that allopatric speciation involves geographic separation, while sympatric speciation does not.
  2.Overlooking the importance of the geographic context: The geographic location is crucial in distinguishing between different types of speciation.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Use mnemonics:  'Allo' means 'other' (other place), 'Sym' means 'same' (same place).
  2.Draw diagrams: Visual representation of the different types of speciation can aid in understanding.

BALASOURY · Answer

Allopatric speciation

BALASOURY · Answer

Peripatric speciation

BALASOURY · Answer

Parapatric speciation

BALASOURY · Answer

The correct Option is "Sympatric speciation"

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