The Question is from neet-botany biotechnology biotechnological-applications-in-medicine, and it was created by the author B VENKAT

Question

Which of the following techniques is NOT typically used in pharmacogenomics to identify genetic variations influencing drug response?

B VENKAT · Accepted Answer

## CORE INFORMATION
✓ **Answer**: D
## CONCEPT FRAMEWORK
 **Primary Concept**: Pharmacogenomics techniques
 **Related Topics**: Genetic variation, drug response, SNP, GWAS, gene expression
 **Prerequisites**: Basic understanding of genetics and molecular biology.
## SOLUTION PATHWAY
**Given Information**:
The question asks to identify a technique NOT used in pharmacogenomics to study genetic variations affecting drug response.
**Method & Steps**:
1. Analyze each option to determine its relevance to pharmacogenomics.
2. Identify the option that is not a standard method in pharmacogenomic studies.
3. Eliminate the relevant options.

Option A: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis - SNPs are common genetic variations and are frequently studied in pharmacogenomics to understand their role in drug response.
Option B: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) - GWAS are designed to identify genetic variations associated with a particular trait (in this case, drug response) across the entire genome.  They're a key tool in pharmacogenomics.
Option C: Gene expression profiling - This technique examines the levels of mRNA transcripts, which reflects the activity of genes. Drug response is often influenced by gene expression, making this a relevant technique.
Option D: Satellite DNA profiling - Satellite DNA comprises repetitive DNA sequences primarily located in centromeres and heterochromatin.  These regions are generally not directly involved in coding for proteins that influence drug metabolism or response. Therefore, satellite DNA profiling is not a typical approach in pharmacogenomics.

3. Conclusion: Satellite DNA profiling is not a standard technique used in pharmacogenomics for identifying genetic variations affecting drug response.
  Result: D
  Verification: The other options are all established techniques in pharmacogenomics.
## OPTION ANALYSIS
A ✓: SNP analysis is a core method in pharmacogenomics for identifying variations affecting drug response.
B ✓: GWAS is a powerful tool for identifying genetic associations with drug response.
C ✓: Gene expression profiling helps understand how genes involved in drug metabolism are regulated and expressed.
D :x: Satellite DNA profiling is not typically used in pharmacogenomics because it does not usually relate directly to drug response genes.
## LEARNING AIDS
 **Common Mistakes**:
  1.Confusing satellite DNA with other types of DNA variations that are relevant to pharmacogenomics: Focus on the function and location of satellite DNA in the genome.
  2.Overlooking the importance of GWAS and gene expression profiling in pharmacogenomics research: These are central to the field.
 **Quick Tips**:
  1.Remember that pharmacogenomics focuses on genes directly involved in drug metabolism and response.
  2.Satellite DNA is largely non-coding and structurally important, not functionally relevant to drug response in the way that SNPs or gene expression are.

B VENKAT · Answer

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis

B VENKAT · Answer

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS)

B VENKAT · Answer

Gene expression profiling

B VENKAT · Answer

The correct Option is "Satellite DNA profiling"

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